العقوبات تجعل جهاز أمن النظام يحرك الخلايا النائمة في أمريكا - الآن كشف خلية للجهاز - صور

Food, medicine, and humanitarian assistance are all theoretically exempted, but obtaining sanctions waivers can be onerous. Even when they are granted, many organizations, like MAP International, decline the transactions regardless. If they make a mistake in interpreting the complex web of laws stemming from the sanctions, they can face severe punishments.

“Violations can cost hundreds of millions of dollars,” says Burt Braverman, a lawyer at Davis Wright Tremaine, a firm headquartered in Seattle, Washington, that handles trade, sanction, and export compliance. “People have gone to jail.”