عاااجل .. الكونغرس الأمريكي يجهز وثيقة الإعتراف بدولة الجنوب الجديدة .. و يضع العدالة بدارفور

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DAV10784 S.L.C.
111TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION S. ll
To promote peace, stability, improved governance, and economic development
in Southern Sudan and Darfur, and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
llllllllll
Mr. KERRY introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred
to the Committee on llllllllll
A BILL
To promote peace, stability, improved governance, and economic
development in Southern Sudan and Darfur, and
for other purposes.
1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Sudan Peace and Sta5
bility Act of 2010’’.
6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
7 Congress makes the following findings:
8 (1) Sudan has been the scene of terrible conflict
9 in recent decades, including a civil war between
10 North and South that raged for over 20 years and
2
DAV10784 S.L.C.
1 genocidal violence in Darfur that has been carried
2 out by government forces and their militias.
3 (2) On August 12, 1993, Secretary of State
4 Warren Christopher designated Sudan as a state
5 sponsor of terrorism under section 6(j) of the Ex6
port Administration Act (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j))
7 (as continued in effect pursuant to the International
8 Emergency Economic Powers Act; 50 U.S.C. 1701
9 et seq.), section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act
10 (22 U.S.C. 2780), and section 620A of the Foreign
11 Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2371).
12 (3) United States Government engagement,
13 particularly the work of then Special Envoy for
14 Peace in Sudan, John C. Danforth, in close coordi15
nation with the Intergovernmental Authority on De16
velopment and the Governments of the United King17
dom and Norway, helped the parties to the North-
18 South conflict in Sudan to reach the Comprehensive
19 Peace Agreement (CPA), which, on January 9,
20 2005, brought a formal end to that civil war.
21 (4) The CPA called for wealth and power shar22
ing, national elections, democratic and military re23
forms, specific protocols for border states, the for24
mation of a semi-autonomous government in the
25 South, and referenda on self-determination for the
3
DAV10784 S.L.C.
1 South and the territory of Abyei to be held by Janu2
ary 2011.
3 (5) The CPA has maintained the larger peace
4 to date and the parties have made progress on a
5 number of elements of the agreement, but the proc6
ess has not led to a democratic transformation, as
7 called for in the 2005 Agreement, and key issues re8
main outstanding, notably border demarcation and
9 preparations for the 2011 referenda. As the CPA
10 draws to a close, critical questions of post-referenda
11 citizenship and revenue sharing must be resolved.
12 (6) At the same time that efforts were under13
way to solidify peace between the North and South,
14 the situation in Darfur deteriorated so significantly
15 that Secretary of State Colin Powell on September
16 3, 2004, and Congress on September 7, 2004, de17
scribed actions by the National Congress Party
18 (NCP) government and its proxy militias as geno19
cide.
20 (7) According to United Nations estimates, over
21 300,000 people were killed in the conflict in Darfur
22 and over 2,600,000 have been displaced internally
23 while another 250,000 Darfuris have sought refuge
24 in Chad, and these processes of displacement con25
tinue.
4
DAV10784 S.L.C.
1 (8) On March 29, 2005, and April 25, 2006,
2 the United Nations Security Council issued Security
3 Council Resolutions 1591 and 1672, respectively,
4 condemning the continued violations of human rights
5 and international humanitarian law in the Darfur
6 region of Sudan and, in particular, the continuation
7 of violence against civilians and sexual violence
8 against women and girls, determining that the situa9
tion in Darfur constituted a threat to international
10 peace and security in the region, and calling on
11 member states to take certain measures against per12
sons responsible for the continuing conflict.
13 (9) The United Nations established the United
14 Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) in 2005 and
15 the African Union/United Nations hybrid operation
16 in Darfur (UNAMID) in 2006 with respective au17
thorized strengths of 10,715 and 25,987 troops and
18 police.
19 (10) On March 4, 2009, the International
20 Criminal Court issued a warrant for the arrest of
21 President of Sudan Omar Al Bashir, charging him
22 with 5 counts of crimes against humanity and 2
23 counts of war crimes, and on July 12, 2010, issued
24 an additional warrant for President Omar al-Bashir
25 of Sudan for genocide committed in Darfur.

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