هذه فضيحة في حق كل وطني غيور (صورة مخجلة) اعدموها فورا!!

Quote: George W. Joy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia General Gordon's Last Stand . Joy's portrayal of Gordon's death Flora MacDonald's farewell to Prince Charlie George William Joy (July 7, 1844 in Dublin, Ireland – October 28, 1925 in Purbrook, Hampshire) was an Irish painter in London.[1] Contents [hide] 1 Life and career 2 Works 3 References 4 External links Life and career[edit] Joy was the son of William Bruce Joy, MD, and the brother of sculptor Albert Bruce-Joy, descendents of an old Huguenot family which settled in Antrim in 1612.[2] He was initially destined for the military and was also an accomplished violin player. After a foot injury at young age, his father declared him unfit for military service. Joy was then educated at Harrow School and eventually pursued a career as an artist. He studied in London's South Kensington School of Art and later at the Royal Academy under John Everett Millais, Frederic Leighton and George Frederic Watts; among his fellow students was Hubert von Herkomer. In 1868 he went to Paris where for two years he was a student of Charles-François Jalabert and Léon Bonnat. There he met masters like Gérôme, Cabanel, Jules Breton, Jules Lefebvre und Philippe Rousseau. Going back to London, Joy established himself as a history and genre painter, and became a frequent exhibitor at the Royal Academy, the Salon des artistes français and the Royal Hibernian Academy. He became a member of the Royal Institute of Oil Painters in 1895. To satisfy his early military ambitions, Joy entered the Artists Rifles where he was known as a good shot, representing Ireland several times. He spent many winters in Swanage from 1896 and eventually retired to Purbrook. Both of his sons were killed in 1915 during World War I.[2] Works[edit] Joy's paintings covered a variety of themes from strictly historical to religious and allegorical. He also painted portraits. His pursuit of the perfect female form in nude paintings like Laodamia (1878; Portsmouth City Museum), The Danaids (1887) and Truth (1892-93) are unusually bold for England and refer back to the French classicist tradition of Ingres and Girodet-Trioson.[3] Opposing home rule for Ireland and advocating the unity of the British Isles, Joy painted several patriotic images with allegories like Rose, Shamrock and Thistle (1889) and The First Union Jack (1892) as well as historic examples of rebellions like Flora MacDonald's Farewell to Prince Charlie and The King's Drum Shall Never be Beaten for Rebels, 1798 (1891; Bournemouth, Russell-Cotes Art Gallery and Museum). He was perhaps best known for his depiction of heroism in a painting entitled The Death of General Gordon, Khartoum, 26 January 1885 (1893; Leeds City Museum). Picturing a final moment in the very recent British history of the Siege of Khartoum, Gordon is pictured bravely facing his fate, standing above the followers of the invading Mahdi army moments before being struck down by a spear. Another well known, yet profoundly different work by Joy is the highly contemporary scene The Bayswater Omnibus (1895; Museum of London - image here). One of his most evocative paintings is Joan of Arc, guarded in her sleep by an angel (1895; Rouen, Musée des Beaux Arts - image here). References[edit] Jump up ^ "JOY, George William". The International Who's Who in the World: p. 648. 1912. ^ Jump up to: a b Snoddy, Theo. Dictionary of Irish Artists: 20th Century, 2nd Edition. Merlin Publishing, Dublin, Ireland, 2002. Pg.290-92. Retrieved Mar. 26, 2008. Jump up ^ Gerhard Bissell, Joy, George William, in: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon, vol. 76/77, 2013 (in preparation). The work of George W. Joy with an autobiographical sketch, London, Cassell, 1904. George W. Joy from Grove Art Online via ArtMagick.

Quote: Death[edit] George W. Joy's portrayal of Gordon's death The manner of his death is uncertain but it was romanticized in a popular painting by George William Joy - General Gordon's Last Stand (1885, currently in the Leeds City Art Gallery), and again in the film Khartoum (1966) with Charlton Heston as Gordon. Gordon was apparently killed about an hour before dawn, at the Governor-General's palace. As recounted in Bernard M. Allen’s article "How Khartoum Fell" (1941), the Mahdi had given strict orders to his three Khalifas not to kill Gordon. However, the orders were not obeyed. Gordon died on the steps of a stairway in the northwestern corner of the palace, where he and his personal bodyguard, Agha Khalil Orphali, had been firing at the enemy. Orphali was knocked unconscious and did not see Gordon die. When he woke up again that afternoon, he found Gordon's body covered with flies and the head cut off.[14] A merchant, Bordeini Bey, glimpsed Gordon standing on the palace steps in a white uniform looking into the darkness. Reference is made to an 1889 account of the General surrendering his sword to a senior Mahdist officer, then being struck and subsequently speared in the side as he rolled down the staircase.[15] When Gordon's head was unwrapped at the Mahdi's feet, he ordered the head transfixed between the branches of a tree "…where all who passed it could look in disdain, children could throw stones at it and the hawks of the desert could sweep and circle above."[citation needed] His body was desecrated and thrown down a well.[16] After the reconquest of the Sudan, in 1898, several attempts were made to locate Gordon's remains, but in vain. In the hours following Gordon's death an estimated 10,000 civilians and members of the garrison were killed in Khartoum.[16] The massacre was finally halted by orders of the Mahdi. Many of Gordon's papers were saved and collected by two of his sisters, Helen Clark Gordon, who married Gordon's medical colleague in China, Dr. Moffit, and Mary, who married Gerald Henry Blunt. Gordon's papers, as well as some of his grandfather's (Samuel Enderby III), were accepted by the British Library around 1937. Memorials[edit] News of Gordon's death led to an "unprecedented wave of public grief across Britain." A memorial service, conducted by the Bishop of Newcastle, was held at St. Paul's Cathedral on 14 March. The Lord Mayor of London opened a public subscription to raise funds for a permanent memorial to Gordon; this eventually materialized as the Gordon Boys Home, now Gordon's School in West End, Woking.[17][18] Statues were erected in Trafalgar Square, London, in Chatham, Gravesend, Melbourne and Khartoum. Southampton, where Gordon had stayed with his sister, Augusta, in Rockstone Place prior to his departure to the Sudan, erected a memorial in Porter's Mead, now Queen's Park, near the town's docks.[17] On 16 October 1885, the "light and elegant structure" was unveiled; it comprises a stone base on which there are four polished red Aberdeen granite columns, about twenty feet high. The columns are surmounted by carved capitals supporting a cross. The pedestal bears the arms of the Gordon clan and of the borough of Southampton, and also Gordon’s name in Chinese. Around the base is an inscription referring to Gordon as a soldier, philanthropist and administrator; the inscription mentions those parts of the world in which he served, and closes with a quotation from his last letter to his sisters: "I am quite happy, thank God! and, like Lawrence, I have tried to do my duty."[19] The memorial is a Grade II listed building.[20] Gordon Lodge, close to Queen Victoria's Osborne House on the Isle of Wight, was demolished in the 1980s to be replaced by a retirement complex of the same name. Gordon's memory, as well as his work in supervising the town's riverside fortifications, is commemorated in Gravesend; the embankment of the Riverside Leisure Area is known as the Gordon Promenade, while Khartoum Place lies just to the south. Located in the town center of his birthplace of Woolwich is General Gordon Square, while one of the first Woolwich Free Ferry vessels was named Gordon in his memory.[21] In 1888 a statue of Gordon by Hamo Thornycroft was erected in Trafalgar Square, London, exactly halfway between the two fountains. It was removed in 1943. In a House of Commons speech on 5 May 1948, then opposition leader Winston Churchill spoke out in favor of the statue's return to its original location: "Is the right honorable Gentleman (the Minister of Works) aware that General Gordon was not only a military commander, who gave his life for his country, but, in addition, was considered very widely throughout this country as a model of a Christian hero, and that very many cherished ideals are associated with his name? Would not the right honorable Gentleman consider whether this statue might not receive special consideration ? General Gordon was a figure outside and above the ranks of military and naval commanders." However, in 1953 the statue minus a large slice of its pedestal was reinstalled on the Victoria Embankment, in front of the newly built Ministry of Defence. An identical statue by Thornycroft—but with the pedestal intact—is located in a small park called Gordon Reserve, near Parliament House in Melbourne, Australia (a statue of the unrelated poet, Adam Lindsay Gordon, lies in the same reserve). Funded by donations from 100,000 citizens, it was unveiled in 1889. Statue in Gordon Reserve, Melbourne Statue on the Victoria Embankment, London The Corps of Royal Engineers, Gordon's own Corps, commissioned a statue of Gordon on a camel. It was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1890 and then erected in Brompton Barracks, Chatham, the home of the Royal School of Military Engineering, where it still stands. Much later a second casting was made. In 1902 it was placed at the junction of St Martin's Lane and Charing Cross Road in London. In 1904 it was moved to Khartoum, where it stood at the intersection of Gordon Avenue and Victoria Avenue, 200 meters south of the new palace that had been built in 1899. It was removed in 1958, shortly after the Sudan became independent. This is the figure which, since 1960, stands at the Gordon's School in Woking. The Royal Engineers Museum adjoining the barracks has many artifacts relating to Gordon including personal possessions. There are also memorials to Gordon in the nearby Rochester Cathedral. A statue of General Gordon can be found in Aberdeen outside the main gates of Robert Gordon's College, a city-based independent school. In St Paul's Cathedral, London, a slightly larger than life-size effigy of Gordon is flanked by a relief commemorating general Herbert Stewart (1843–1885), who had commanded the "flying column" of camel-borne troops, and who was mortally wounded on 19 January 1885. Stewart's grave can still be found at the Jakdul Wells in the Bayuda Desert. The commander of the Khartoum Relief Expedition 1884-1885, Sir Garnet Wolseley, lies buried beneath the effigies of Gordon and Stewart in the crypt of St Paul's. There is a bust of Gordon in Westminster Abbey, just to the left of the main entrance when entering the building, above a doorway. A rather fine stained-glass portrait is to be found on the main stairs of the Booloominbah building at the University of New England, in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. The Fairey Gordon Bomber, designed to act as part of the RAF's colonial 'aerial police force' in the Imperial territories that he helped conquer (India and North Africa), was named in his honor. The City of Geelong, Australia, created a memorial in the form of the Gordon Technical College, which was later renamed the Gordon Institute of Technology. Part of the Institute continues under the name Gordon Institute of TAFE and the remainder was amalgamated with the Geelong State College to become Deakin University. The suburbs of Gordon in northern Sydney and Gordon Park in northern Brisbane were named after General Gordon, as was the former Shire of Gordon in Victoria, Australia. An elementary school in Vancouver, British Columbia, is named after General Gordon. Gordon Memorial College is a school in Khartoum. A grammar school in Medway, Kent, England, called Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School, has a house named in honor of Charles George Gordon, called Gordon. In Gloucester, there is a rugby union club called Gordon League which was formed in 1888 by Agnes Jane Waddy. The club plays in Western Counties North. The Gordon League Fishing Club uses the rugby club as its home. Gordon's Boys' Clubs were organized after General Gordon's death and the Gloucester Gordon League may be the last remaining example. The Church Missionary Society (CMS) work in Sudan was undertaken under the name of the Gordon Memorial Mission. This was a very evangelical branch of CMS and was able to start work in Sudan in 1900 as soon as the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium took control after the fall of Khartoum in 1899. In 1885 at a meeting in London, £3,000 were allocated to a Gordon Memorial Mission in Sudan.[22] In Khartoum, there is a small shrine to Gordon in the back of Republican Palace Museum. The museum was previously the city's largest Anglican Church, and is now dedicated primarily to gifts to Sudanese ######### of State. In the rear corner, there is a plaque commemorating those who fell with Gordon during the siege. Above is an encomium in brass letters, most of which have long since fallen off the wall leaving only silhouettes. It reads "Charles George Gordan [sic], Servant of Jesus Christ, Whose Labour Was Not in Vain with the Lord." In the Presidential Palace in Khartoum (built in 1899), in the west wing on the ground floor, there is (or once was) a stone slab against the wall on the left side of the main corridor when coming from the main entrance with the text: "Charles George Gordon died - 26 Jan 1885," on the spot where Gordon was killed, at the foot of the stairs in the old Governor-General's Palace (built around 1850). Personality and beliefs[edit] Gordon, who never married, was 5-feet 5 inches tall[citation needed]; the Rev. Reginald Barnes, who knew him well, describes him as "of the middle height, very strongly built,"[23] He was a Christian evangelist who visited the sick and old and set up a boys' club in Gravesend in Kent.[citation needed] He was an ardent Christian cosmologist who believed, amongst other things, that the Earth was enclosed in a hollow sphere with God's throne directly above the altar of the Temple in Jerusalem, the Devil inhabiting the opposite point of the globe near Pitcairn Island in the Pacific.[citation needed] He also believed that the Garden of Eden was on the island of Praslin in the Seychelles.[24] Gordon believed in reincarnation. In 1877, he wrote in a letter: "This life is only one of a series of lives which our incarnated part has lived. I have little doubt of our having pre-existed; and that also in the time of our pre-existence we were actively employed. So, therefore, I believe in our active employment in a future life, and I like the thought."[25] Media portrayals and legacy[edit] Charlton Heston played Gordon in the 1966 epic film Khartoum, which deals with the siege of Khartoum. Gordon's heroics have also been drawn on in the 2005 novel The Triumph of the Sun by Wilbur Smith. The 2008 novel After Omdurman by John Ferry deals with the reconquest of the Sudan and highlights how the Anglo-Egyptian army was driven to avenge Gordon's death. Many biographies have been written of Gordon, most of them of a highly hagiographic nature. By contrast, Gordon is one of the four subjects discussed critically in Eminent Victorians by Lytton Strachey, one of the first texts about Gordon that portrays some of his characteristics which Strachey regards as weaknesses. Notably, Strachey emphasizes the claims of Charles Chaillé-Long that Gordon was an alcoholic, an accusation dismissed by later writers like Alan Moorehead[26] and Charles Chenevix Trench.[27] Another attempt to debunk Gordon was Anthony Nutting's Gordon, Martyr and Misfit (1966). In his Mission to Khartum—The Apotheosis of General Gordon (1969) John Marlowe portrays Gordon as "a colourful eccentric—a soldier of fortune, a skilled guerrilla leader, a religious crank, a minor philanthropist, a gadfly buzzing about on the outskirts of public life" who would have been no more than a footnote in today's history books, had it not been for "his mission to Khartoum and the manner of his death," which were elevated by the media "into a kind of contemporary Passion Play." More balanced biographies are Charley Gordon—An Eminent Victorian Reassessed (1978) by Charles Chenevix Trench and Gordon—the Man Behind the Legend (1988) by John Pollock. In Khartoum—The Ultimate Imperial Adventure (2005), Michael Asher puts Gordon's works in the Sudan in a broad context. Asher concludes: "He did not save the country from invasion or disaster, but among the British heroes of all ages, there is perhaps no other who stands out so prominently as an individualist, a man ready to die for his principles. Here was one man among men who did not do what he was told, but what he believed to be right. In a world moving inexorably towards conformity, it would be well to remember Gordon of Khartoum."[28] His legacy also lives on in Gordons School, West End, Woking, Surrey, England where the students learn about him and carry out parades. The students wear the traditional Gordons tartan for these parades. There is also a statue there of General Gordon on a camel; in 2013 the statue was damaged and in 2014 renovation work started on it. See also[edit] Battle of Omdurman Notes[edit] Jump up ^ London Gazette, Monday August 4th, 1858, No. 21909 Jump up ^ London Gazette, Friday May 1, 1857, No. 21996 ^ Jump up to: a b "Gordon, Charles George". Dictionary of national biography, 22: pp. 169–176. 1890. Jump up ^ Ch'ing China: The Taiping Rebellion[dead link] ^ Jump up to: a b c Platt, Part II "Order Rising" ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Platt, Ch. 15 Jump up ^ "Charles George Gordon (1833-1885): A Brief Biography". Victorianweb.org. 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2013-01-27. Jump up ^ Slave trade in the Sudan in the nineteenth century and its suppression in the years 1877-80.[dead link] Jump up ^ MacGregor Hastie, p. 26 Jump up ^ "General Charles "Chinese" Gordon Reveals He is Going to Palestine". SMF Primary Source Documents. Shapell Manuscript Foundation. Jump up ^ Mersh, Paul. "Charles Gordon's Charitable Works: An Appreciation". Jump up ^ Beresford, p 102–103 ^ Jump up to: a b Pakenham, T. The Scramble for Africa 1876-1912, Random House (1991). p. 268 Jump up ^ Neufeld 1899, Appendix II, p. 332-337 Jump up ^ Latimer 1903 ^ Jump up to: a b Pakenham, T. The Scramble for Africa 1876-1912, Random House (1991). p. 272 ^ Jump up to: a b Taylor, Miles (October 2007). Southampton: Gateway to the British Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 83–92. ISBN 1845110323. Jump up ^ "Gordon's School". Gordons.surrey.sch.uk. Retrieved 2013-01-27. Jump up ^ Grant, James (1885). Cassell's history of the war in the Soudan. Cassell. p. 146. Retrieved 13 May 2012. Jump up ^ "Monument to General Gordon". The National Heritage List. English Heritage. Retrieved 13 May 2012. Jump up ^ Rogers, Robert. "Woolwich Ferry". The Newham Story. Retrieved 27 August 2012. Jump up ^ The Sudan under Wingate: administration in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1899-1916 by Gabriel Warburg Jump up ^ Barnes (1885) p. 1 Jump up ^ Linda Colley, Ghosts of Empire by Kwasi Kwarteng - review, The Guardian, 2 September 2011. Accessed 3 September 2011. Jump up ^ Trench (1978) p. 128 Jump up ^ The White Nile, p. 179 Jump up ^ Charley Gordon-An Eminent Victorian Reassessed, p. 95 Jump up ^ Asher (2005), p. 413 References[edit] Allen, Bernard M. "How Khartoum Fell," Journal of the Royal African Society, Vol. 40, No. 161 (Oct., 1941), pp. 327–334. Asher, Michael. Khartoum—The Ultimate Imperial Adventure, (2005), 450 pp. Barnes, Reginald. Charles George Gordon—A Sketch, London: Macmillan and Co. (1885), 104 pp., available online Beresford, John. Storm and Peace, London: Cobden-Sanderson [1936] (1977), 269 pp. Charles George Gordon. Reflections in Palestine. London: Macmillan and Co. (1884). [1] Churchill, Winston, Sir. The River War, New York: Carroll and Graf [1899]; Partridge Green: Biblios (2000), ISBN 0-7867-0751-8 Faught, C. Brad. Gordon: Victorian Hero, Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books (2008), ISBN 978-1-59797-144-7 Hill, George Birkbeck, ed. Colonel Gordon in Central Africa, 1874-1879] London: Thomas De La Rue and Co.(1881). [2] Latimer, E.W. "Gordon and the Mahdi," in Europe in Africa in the Nineteenth Century, 4th Ed. A.C. McClurg, Chicago (1895, 1903). MacGregor-Hastie, Roy. Never to be Taken Alive—A Biography of General Gordon, (1985) ISBN 0-283-99184-4 Neufeld, Charles. A Prisoner of the Khaleefa], London: Chapman and Hall (1899). [3] Platt, Stephen R. Autumn in the Heavenly Kingdom: China, the West, and the Epic Story of the Taiping Civil War, Knopf (2012), ISBN 978-0-307-95759-7 Pollock, John. Gordon : the Man Behind the Legend, London: Constable (1993), ISBN 0-09-468560-6 Smith, George Barnett. General Gordon The Christian Soldier and Hero, London: S.W. Partridge and Co. (1896), 160 pp. Strachey, G. Lytton. Eminent Victorians, Illustrated Ed., London: Bloomsbury [1918] (1988). ISBN 0-7475-0218-8, available online at http://www.bartleby.com/189/401.htmlhttp://www.bartleby.com/189/401.html Trench, Charles Chenevix. Charley Gordon, An Eminent Victorian Reassessed, London: Allan Lane [1978], 320 pp. ISBN 0-7139-0895-5, Wortham, Hugh Evelyn. Gordon : An Intimate Portrait, London: Harrap (1933), 342 pp. White, Adam. Hamo Thornycroft and the Martyr General, Leeds: The Henry Moore Centre for the Study of Sculpture (1991), 72 pp. Moorehead, Alan. The White Nile, London: Hamish Hamilton, (1960, rev. 1971), 366 pp. Gillmeister, Heiner. "The Maloja Mystery, or the Case of the Living Pictures," in ACD-The Journal of The Arthur Conan Doyle Society, Vol. 7 (1996/7), pp. 53–69. External links[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles George Gordon. Original Letters Written by Charles Gordon from the Near East Shapell Manuscript Foundation Chinese Gordon on the Soudan Gordon's famous interview to the Pall Mall Gazette, 1884 Gordon's tactics: an alternative view analysis of Gordon's war strategy by Gary Brecher (the War Nerd) Charles G. Gordon Photograph part of the Nineteenth Century Notables Digital Collection at Gettysburg College

Quote: Accounts differ as to how Gordon was killed. According to one version, when Mahdist warriors broke into the governor's palace, Gordon came out in full uniform, and, after disdaining to fight, he was speared to death in defiance of the orders of the Mahdi, who had wanted him captured alive.[8] In another version, Gordon was recognised by Mahdists while making for the Austrian consulate and shot dead in the street.[9] What appears certain is that his head was cut off, stuck on a pike, and brought to the Mahdi as a trophy. His body was summarily dumped in the Nile.

Quote: The Death of General Gordon at Khartoum, 1885 Alfred Egmont Hake in Eva March Tappan (ed.) The World's Story: A History of the World in Story, Song and Art (Boston, 1914) vol. III, pp. 240-249. General Gordon arrived at Khartoum on February 18th, and spent his time between that date and the investment on March 12, in sending down women and children, two thousand of whom were sent safely through to Egypt, in addition to six hundred soldiers. It was stated by Sir Evelyn Baring (English consul-general to Egypt) that there were fifteen thousand persons in Khartoum who ought to be brought back to Egypt- Europeans, civil servants, widows and orphans, and a garrison of one thousand men, one third of whom were disaffected. To get these people out of Khartoum was General Gordon's first duty, and the first condition of evacuation was the establishment of a stable government in the Soudan. The only man who could establish that government was Zebehr. Gordon demanded Zebehr with ever-increasing emphasis, and his request was decisively refused. He had then two alternatives - either to surrender absolutely to the Mahdi, or to hold on to Khartoum at all hazards. While Gordon was strengthening his position the Mahdi settled the question by suddenly assuming the offensive. The first step in this memorable siege was the daring march of four thousand Arabs to the Nile, by which, on March 12, they cut off the eight hundred men at Halfaya, a village to the north of Khartoum, from the city. A steamer was sent down to reconnoiter, and the moment she reached the front of the Arab position a volley was fired into her, wounding an officer and a soldier. The steamer returned the fire, killing five. Thus hostilities began. "Our only justification for assuming the offensive," wrote General Gordon on March 13, "is the extrication of the Halfaya garrison." The Arabs, however, did not give him the chance. They cut off three companies of his troops who had gone out to cut wood, capturing eight of their boats, and killing or dispersing one hundred to one hundred and fifty men. They intrenched themselves along the Nile, and kept up a heavy rifle-fire. Retreat for the garrison was obviously impossible when the Arab force covered the river, the only line of retreat, with their fire. Twelve hundred men rere put on board two grain-barges, towed by three steamers defended with boiler plates, and carrying mountain-guns protected by wooden mantlets; and, with the loss of only two killed, they succeeded in extricating the five hundred men left of the garrison of Halfaya, and capturing seventy camels and eighteen horses, with which they returned to Khartoum. The Arabs, however, held Halfaya, and on March 16 Gordon tried to drive them away. Advancing from a stockaded position covering the north front of the town, two thousand troops advanced across the open in square, supported by the fire of the guns of two steamers. The Arabs were retreating, when Hassan and Seid Pashas, Gordon's black generals, rode into the wood and called back the enemy. The Egyptians, betrayed by their officers, broke and fled after firing a single volley, and were pursued to within a mile of the stockade, abandoning two mountain guns with their ammunition - "sixty horsemen defeated two thousand men" - and leaving two hundred of their number on the field. After this affair he was convinced that he could not take the offensive, but must remain quiet at Khartoum, and wait till the Nile rose. Six days later, the black pashas were tried by court-martial, found guilty, and shot. A very determined attack upon one of the steamers coming up from Berber, at the Salboka Pass, was beaten off with great slaughter, Gordon's men firing no fewer than fifteen thousand rounds of Remington ammunition. Meanwhile, his efforts to negotiate with the Mahdi failed. "I will make you Sultan of Kordofan," he had said on arrival to the Mahdi. "I am the Mahdi," replied Mahomet Ahmet, by emissaries who were "exceedingly cheeky," keeping their hands upon their swords, and laying a filthy, patched dervish's coat before him. "Will you become a Mussulman?" Gordon flung the bundle across the room, canceled the Mahdi's sultanship, and the war was renewed. From that day to the day of the betrayal no day passed without bullets dropping into Khartoum. Gordon now set to work in earnest to place Khartoum in a defensible position. Ten thousand of the Madhi's sympathizers left Khartoum and joined the enemy. The steamers kept up a skirmishing fight on both Niles. All the houses on the north side of Khartoum were loopholed. A sixteen-pounder Krupp was mounted on a barge, and wire was stretched across the front of the stockade. The houses on the northern bank of the Blue Nile were fortified and garrisoned by Bashi-Bazouks. Omdurman was held and fortified on the west and Buri on the east. On March 25, Gordon had to disarm and disband two hundred and fifty Bashi-Bazouks who refused to occupy stockaded houses in a village on the south bank of the Blue Nile. The rebels advanced on Hadji Ali, a village to the north of the Nile, and fired into the palace. They were shelled out of their position, but constantly returned to harass the garrison. They seemed to Gordon mere rag-tag and bob-tail, but he dared not go out to meet them, for fear of the town. Five hundred brave men could have cleared out the lot, but he had not a hundred. The fighting was confined to artillery fire on one side, and desultory rifle-shooting on the other. This went on till the end of March. The Arabs clustered more closely round the town. On April 19, Gordon telegraphed that he had provisions for five months, and if he only had two thousand to three thousand Turkish troops he could soon settle the rebels. Unfortunately, he received not one fighting man. Shendy fell into the hands of the Mahdi. Berber followed, and then for months no word whatever reached this country from Khartoum. On September 29, Mr. Power's telegram, dated July 31, was received by the "Times." From that we gathered a tolerably clear notion of the way in which the war went on. Anything more utterly absurd than the accusation that Gordon forced fighting on the Mahdi cannot be conceived. He acted uniformly on the defensive, merely trying to clear his road of an attacking force, and failing because he had no fighting men to take the offensive. He found himself in a trap, out of which he could not cut his way. If he had possessed a single regiment, the front of Khartoum might have been cleared with ease; but his impotence encouraged the Arabs, and they clustered round in ever-increasing numbers, until at last they crushed his resistance. After the middle of April the rebels began to attack the palace in force, having apparently established themselves on the north bank. The loss of life was chiefly occasioned by the explosion of mines devised by General Gordon, and so placed as to explode when trodden on by the enemy. Of all his expedients these mines were the most successful and the least open to any accusation of offensive operations. The Arabs closed in all round towards the end of April, and General Gordon surrounded himself with a formidable triple barrier of land torpedoes, over which wire entanglement and a formidable chevaux-de-frise enabled the garrison to feel somewhat secure. On April 27, Valeh Bey surrendered at Mesalimeh, a disaster by which General Gordon lost one steamer, seventy shiploads of provisions, and two thousand rifles. General Gordon was now entirely cut off from the outside world, and compelled to rely entirely upon his his own resources. He sent out Negroes to entice the slaves of the Arabs to come over, promising them freedom and rations. This he thought would frighten the Arabs more than bullets. On April 26, he made his first issue of paper-money to the extent of ,2500 redeemable in six months. By July 30, it had risen to ,26,000 besides the ,50,000 borrowed from merchants. On the same day he struck decorations for the defense of Khartoum - for officers in silver, silver-gilt and pewter for the private soldiers. These medals bear a crescent and a star, with words from the Koran, and the date, with an inscription, - "Siege of Khartoum," - and a hand-grenade in the center. "School-children and women," he wrote, "also received medals; consequently, I am very popular with the black ladies of Khartoum." The repeated attacks of the Mahdi's forces on Khartoum cost the Arabs many lives. On May 25, Colonel Stewart was slightly wounded in the arm, when working a mitrailleuse near the palace. All through May and June his steamers made foraging expeditions up and down the Nile, shelling the rebels when they showed in force, and bringing back much cattle to the city. On Midsummer Day, Mr. Cuzzi, formerly Gordon's agent at Berber, but now a prisoner of the Mahdi's, was sent to the wells to announce the capture of Berber. It was sad news for the three Englishmen alone in the midst of a hostile Soudan. Undaunted, they continued to stand at bay, rejoicing greatly that in one, Saati Bey, they had, at least, a brave and capable officer. Saati had charge of the steamers, and for two months he had uninterrupted success, in spite of the twisted telegraph wires which the rebels stretched across the river. Unfortunately, on July 10, Saati, with Colonel Stewart and two hundred men, after burning Kalaka and three villages, attacked Gatarnulb. Eight Arab horsemen rode at the two hundred Egyptians. The two hundred fled at once, not caring to fire their Remingtons, and poor Saati was killed. Colonel Stewart narrowly escaped a similar fate. After July 31, there is a sudden cessation of regular communications. Power's journal breaks off then, and we are left to more or less meager references in Gordon's dispatches. On August 23, he sent a characteristic message, in which he announces that, the Nile having risen, he has sent Colonel Stewart, Mr. Power, and the French consul to take Berber, occupy it for fifteen days, burn it, and then return to Khartoum. All the late messages from Gordon, except a long dispatch of November 4, which has never been published, were written on tissue paper no bigger than a postage-stamp, and either concealed in a quill thrust into the hair, or sewn in the waistband of the natives employed. Gordon seems to have been the most active in August and September, when the Nile was high. He had eight thousand men at Khartoum and Senaar. He sent Colonel Stewart and the troops with the steamers to recapture Berber. A steamer which bore a rough effigy of Gordon at the prow was said to be particularly dreaded by the rebels. OnAugust 26, he reported that he had provisions for five months, but in the forays made by his steamer on the Southern Niles he enormously replenished his stores. On one of these raids he took with him six thousand men in thirty-four boats towed by nine steamers. After his defeat before Omdurman, the Mahdi is said to have made a very remarkable prophecy. He retired into a cave for three days, and on his return he told his followers that Allah had revealed that for sixty days there would be a rest, and after that blood would flow like water. The Mahdi was right. Almost exactly sixty days after that prophecy there was fought the battle of Abu Klea. Stewart had by this time been treacherously killed on his way down from Berber to Dongola. Gordon was all alone. The old men and women who had friends in the neighboring villages left the town. The uninhabited part was destroyed, the remainder was inclosed by a wall. In the center of Khartoum he had built himself a tower, from the roof of which he kept a sharp lookout with his field-glass in the daytime. At night he went the rounds of the fortifications, cheering his men and keeping them on the alert against attacks. Treachery was always his greatest dread. Many of the townsfolk sympathized with the Mahdi; he could not depend on all his troops, and he could only rely on one of his pashas, Mehmet Ali. He rejoiced exceedingly in the news of the approach of the British relieving force. He illuminated Khartoum and fired salutes in honor of the news, and he doubled his exertions to fill his granaries with grain. On December 14, a letter was received by one of his friends in Cairo from General Gordon, saying, "Farewell. You will never hear from me again. I fear that there will be treachery in the garrison, and all will be over by Christmas." It was this melancholy warning that led Lord Wolseley to order the dash across the Desert. On December 16 came news that the Mahdi had again failed in his attack on Omdurman. Gordon had blown up the fort which he had built over against the town, and inflicted great loss on his assailants, who, however, invested the city closely on all sides. The Mahdi had returned to Omdurman, where he had concentrated his troops. Thence he sent fourteen thousand men to Berber to recruit the forces of Osman Digma, and it was these men, probably, that fought the English relief army at Abu Klea. After this nothing was heard beyond the rumor that Omdurman was captured and two brief messages from Gordon, sent probably to hoodwink the enemy, by whom most of his letters were captured. The first, which arrived January 1, was as follows: "Khartoum all right. - C. G. Gordon. December 14, I884." The second was brought by the steamers which met General Stewart at Mentemneh on January 21st: "Khartoum all right; could hold out for years. - C. G. Gordon. December 29." On January 26, Faraz Pasha opened the gates of the city to the enemy, and one of the most famous sieges in the world's history came to a close. It had lasted from March 12 to January 26 - exactly three hundred and twenty days. When Gordon awoke to find that, through the treachery of his Egyptian lieutenant, Khartoum was in the hands of the Mahdi, he set out with a few followers for the Austrian consulate. Recognized by a party of rebels, he was shot dead on the street and his head carried through the town at the end of a pike, amid the wild rejoicings of the Mahdi's followers. Two days later the English army of relief reached Khartoum. [See errors in this document? Please Flag it up here.Thanks!] See also.. • Chinese Gordon for the Soudan (January 9, 1884) • Chinese Gordon on the Soudan (January 9, 1884) • Chinese Gordon by W.T. Stead (1884)

Quote: و طالما أنت تتحدث عن إعادة كتابة التاريخ بصورة صحيحة كما قلت .. فهل صحيح ما ورد في تلك الأغنية التي رفعتها ( ما لان فرسان لنا بل فر جمع الطاغية ) هل فر جمع الطاغية فعلا يوم واقعة كرري ؟؟ و إن كان ذلك كذلك .. فلماذا غنت بنوت أم درمان يومها : الليلة هاي قلبوها تركية .. ود تورشين شرد .. رقدوا الملازمية ؟؟ أو ليس ما ورد في تلك الأغنية تزوير لتأريخنا أيضا ؟؟

Quote: واعادة قراءة التاريخ يجب ان تبدأ من بعانخى وتهراها مرورا بكل عظماء وعظيمات بلادى فى كل الحقب.

Quote: كشف النقاب عن شهادات مراسلي صحف عالمية شهيرة من ارض المعركة ! 09-01-2014 10:58 PM د. محمد المصطفي موسي معركة كرري التاريخية الحاسمة بتاريخ 2 سبتمبر 1898 او " The Battle of Omdurman" .. كما درجت أدبيات المؤرخين الغربيين علي تسميتها .. ظلت تلك المعركة الفاصلة وأحداثها الجسام محوراً لحركة بحثية مستمرة من خلال جهود أكاديمية معاصرة لمؤرخين من النصف الشمالي للكرة الأرضية .. حركتهم النزعة الأكاديمية المحايدة لإعادة استقراء ما حدث بالضبط علي ميدان المعركة علي الرغم من مرور اكثر من 116 عاما علي انقضائها .. لقد أدت هذه المجهودات البحثية لكشف النقاب عن شهادات مراسلين حربيين أجانب لم تحظي في وقتها بالاهتمام اللائق بها بينما أُسقط بعضها لأسباب مجهولة .. والمدهش حقاً ان معركة كرري تعد من اكثر معارك القرن العشرين أهمية من حيث التغطية الإعلامية بالمراسلين الحربيين ابتداءا من ونستون تشرتشيل "المراسل الحربي آنذاك " ومروراً بالمراسل الحربي البريطاني الأشهر آنذاك "G.W.Steveens " .. وانتهاءا بمراسلي " Le Temps " الباريسية الشهيرة .. وقد فسر المؤرخ البريطاني المعاصر و الصحفي المعروف فيرغس نيكول" صاحب كتاب "مهدي السودان ومقتل الجنرال غردون " .. فسر ذلك التواجد الإعلامي المكثف بانه.. " جاء مترجما للشعور القومي البريطاني الجارف بضرورة الانتقام لكبرياء بريطانيا الذي إصابته الثورة المهدية في مقتل عندما لقي خيرة جنرالاتها حتفهم بأسلحة الثورة المهدية ففقدت بريطانيا وليام هكس وستيوارت وتشارلز غوردون .. وفي سبيل ذلك لم تتواني بريطانيا عن جرجرة مصر الخديوية معها في مواجهة المهدية بالتلويح في وجهها بجزرة إعطائها شيئا من أراضي السودان الذي ملكته في يوم من الأيام فعجلت الثورة المهدية باقصائها من ترابه" .. ولعل مما يعزز كلام نيكول تلك الاغنية الشعبية الرائجة في بريطانيا آنذاك والتي تتحسر علي مقتل بطل بريطانيا القومي الجنرال غردون .. علي يد قوات الثورة المهدية.. بكلماتها المكلومة : Too late , Too late to save him He was England 's pride when lived ! He was England's pride when he died وقد راجت تلك الاغنية الشعبية ردا علي جلادستون رئيس الوزراء البريطاني إبان حصار الخرطوم في 1885 والذي عارض في البدء فكرة إرسال جيش لإنقاذ غردون قائلا " لا يمكنني ان احارب شعبا يبحث عن حريته" وان تراجع اخيراً تحت ضغط الرأي العام البريطاني المحموم آنذاك ! ويعد المؤرخ الامريكي جي إيه روجرز J.A.ROGERS من اكثر المؤرخين المعاصرين تعرضا لافادات المراسلين الحربيين المدونة من خلال كتابه " اعظم رجال العالم من ذوي البشرة الملونة" فنقل اولا بعض إفادات جي دبليو ستيفنس والذي قال واصفا ما شاهده بنفسه في ارض المعركة : " لقد كانت اشرس معركة في في اشرس يوم .. تقدمت الراية الزرقاء .. راية الخليفة عبدالله .. مقدمة الجيش المهدوي برجالها الأشداء .. المخلصين حتي الموت .. وكان هناك خياران أمامهم .. النصر او الجنة ! " It was victory or paradise" ثم يستطرد قائلا " لا اعتقد ان ان هناك جيوشا بيضاء قد واجهت الموت من قبل كما واجهه هؤلاء .. ولكن هؤلاء الرجال اصحاب البشرة السمراء .. تقدموا نحو حتفهم بثبات .. لقد قصفتهم مدفعيتنا قصفا شديدا ولكنك رغم ذلك كنت تري صفوفهم المتراصة تتقدم نحونا .. وعندما كانوا في مرمي مدافع المكسيم .. كلما تتساقط جثث قتلاهم .. كانوا يجّمعون صفوفهم ويتقدمون للامام بشجاعة فائقة .. لقد كان هذا اليوم اخر ايام المهدية ولكنه كان بحق - أعظمها علي الإطلاق .. لم يتراجع العدو قط .. لم تكن كرري معركة .. بل كانت حادثة إعدام ابطال ! ان جاز لي ان أقول ان قواتنا قد بلغت الكمال .. فلابد لي ان اعترف بان المهدويون بروعتهم.. قد فاقوا حد الكمال ! لقد كان جيشهم في كرري من اعظم وأشجع الجيوش التي حاربناها طوال مواجهاتنا الطويلة في حروب المستعمرات .. وكان دفاعهم مستميتاً عن امبراطورية شاسعة و مترامية الأطراف افلحوا في الحفاظ عليها لوقت طويل وبكفاءة عالية . لقد تصدي لنا حملة البنادق منهم ببنادقهم المهترئة وذخيرتهم المحلية التصنيع واستماتوا هم وفرسانهم حول الراية الخضراء والراية الزرقاء ببسالة عجيبة .. اما حملة الرماح فقد تحدوا الموت في كل لحظة بلا يأس او خنوع حتي افناهم الموت عن اخرهم ولم يتبقي من ورائهم الا ثلاثة جياد ! حتي من جرُح منهم بقي في مكانه يصلي للرب ان يقتل احد منا قبل ان يموت ! " .. ثم يمضي ليذكر واقعة نالت إعجابه كثيرا .." وكمثال لهذه الشجاعة الأسطورية فقد شاهدت بنفسي طفلا من أطفالهم كان في العاشرة من عمره تقريبا .. رأيته يقف باكيا عند جثة ابيه القتيل في ميدان المعركة .. فلما اقتربنا منه تناول بندقية ملقاة علي الارض وأطلق النار نحونا .. لقد عمل الطفل الشجاع كل ما كان بوسعه عمله ! " اما مراسل صحيفة Le Temps الفرنسية .. فقد أورد الامريكي جي اي روجرز شهادته من خلال كلمات قصار .. موجزات .. معبرات : " ان المرء منا لا يملك الا ان يحيّ بسالة هؤلاء الجنود المهدويون .. لأنهم بلاشك لا يقلون عن نظرائهم الذين كانوا تحت قيادة صلاح الدين الأيوبي بسالةً واقداماً ولاشك ان ريتشارد قلب الأسد لم يكن اشجع رجاله يفوق مستوي هؤلاء الرجال وخصوصا عند الالتحام يداً بيد .. لقد كان مسرح المعركة تراجيديا معقدة الفصول .. لن تغيب بمشاهدها عن ضمير اي شاعر او مؤرخ " .. ويتطرق روجرز للروح الانتقامية العمياء التي تميزت بها قيادة كتشنر الميدانية لمعركة كرري ويذكر كيف انه امر بإعدام 20 الف جريح ببربرية تتناهي مع كل قيم الانسانية مما عرضه لانتقادات جارفة في البرلمان البريطاني في حملة تزعمها اللورد ريتشارد ريدموند والذي لقب كتشنر ب " جزار امدرمان " .. ولعل من سخرية الأقدار ان كتشنر نفسه لقي حتفه بعد كرري ب 17 عاماً بصورة مأساوية في العام 1916 حينما غرقت الباخرة التي كانت تقله قبالة شواطئ روسيا الشمالية فلم يُعثر له علي جسد حتي الان .. رغم جهود سلاح البحرية الملكي البريطاني والتي امتدت للقرابة العام للبحث عن حطام السفينة الغارقة ! ثم يصف صاحب الكتاب المؤرخ الامريكي J.A.Rogers ما حدث بعد ذلك : " لقد ابقي الخليفة عبدالله علي جذوة المقاومة مشتعلة الي حين سقوطه في ارض معركة ام دبيكرات ..بينما ظل العنيد عثمان دقنة مقاوماً حتي وقع في الأسر " ولم يغفل روجرز ان يورد تعليقه الشخصي علي إفادات المراسلين الحربيين قائلا : "ولكن ستظل المهدية اعظم مثال .. للبطولة والتفاني .. يمكن ان يوفره لنا التاريخ الإنساني " "The Mahdist are as fine an example of heroism and devotion as history provides" رحم الله رجال كرري وكفي بالمثل الشعبي مخلدا لهم في الذاكرة الوطنية الجماعية للشعب السوداني .. " الرجال .. ماتوا في كرري ! " وباستشهادهم خرجت صحف بريطانيا الرئيسية الثلاثة .. التايمز .. والدايلي تليغراف .. والدايلي ميرور.. بعنوان احتفالي موحد بتاريخ سبتمبر 1898 " Gordon Avenged" وترجمتها " ثأرنا لغردون " .. ! مصادر : 1) كتاب " اعظم رجال العالم من ذوي البشرة الملونة " .. للمؤرخ الامريكي جي إيه روجرز طبعة العام 1996 .. World's Great Men of colour J.A.Rogers published 1996 2) " مهدي السودان ومقتل الجنرال غردون" لفيرغس نيكول .. إصدار العام 2004 ( The Mahdi of Sudan and the death of General Gordon ) Published 200 The British Museum , Collindale (3

Quote: هل فر جمع الطاغية فعلا يوم واقعة كرري ؟؟ و إن كان ذلك كذلك .. فلماذا غنت بنوت أم درمان يومها : الليلة هاي قلبوها تركية .. ود تورشين شرد .. رقدوا الملازمية ؟؟ أو ليس ما ورد في تلك الأغنية تزوير لتأريخنا أيضا ؟؟

Quote: . Yassir Badawy Hamed الاخ هباني لك التحية للاسف اغلبنا لا يعرف ولا يقراء تاريخ السودان ونحن بامانة نحاول ان نضع تاريخنا بقدوم الثورة المهدية ولو فكرت بدون تعصب او تهور ستجد بان السودان دولة بدون تاريخ ودليلي الثورة المهدية لم تاتتي لتحررنا من المستعمار بل فكرة المهدي هي نشر دعوته بعد ما ادعي انها المهدي المنتظر وحاول ان ينشر هذه الدعوة في شمال السودان ولم يجد قبول لنشر الدعوة االمهدية لذلك لجاء لغرب السودان و وجد القبول. وحتي الان كل جنود المهدي اصلا من غرب السودان ولا يوجد قائد عربي او جنود لان الحسانية منشغلين بسباق الحمير ....المهم انا شايف انو تاريخنا فيهو كذب والثورة المهدية هي ثورة لرجل مهوس مثل المهدي مدعي قاتل من اجل فكرة وحتي يومنا هذا توجد علاقة كبيرة بين الامامة عند الشيعة والامامة عند اسرة المهدي نابعة من تشيع جدههم محمد احمد المهدي وقد ادعي انه المهدي المنتظر وصارو احفاد المهدي اسياد لنا مما اوجد صارع قبلي ديني بين اسرةة اخري ايضا تتدعي انهم احفاد الرسول ومن ال البيت وهم الختمية والقصة صراع بس ودليلي بنت الصادق المهدي دكتورة بخيتة الصادق المهدي المتشيعة المهم الصورة الفوق ديل لدراويش دمروا السودان ودمروا الوطن وقتلوا بطل ولو رجع التاريخ للخلف لاعدمت كل من شارك في خروج الانجليز