طلب (رخيص) من حاتم ابراهيم

Quote: 1. Standard Arabic System for Transliteration of Geographical Names 2. ARABIC TRANSLITERATION ALPHABET 3. How to describe the transliteration Alphabet 4. Vowel letters that follow stretching letters (١،ٝ ،أ )transliterated as { | ؟ 5. Vowel marks or lightened vowels: the opener, the closer and the breaker )ِ ُ (transliterated as A, U, and I. In addition to the silent Soukoun beared by consonant letters. 6. Transliteration Alphabet 7. Transliteration Alphabet 8. Arabic letters that have similar basic phonetic Latin letters are transliterated as Follows 9. Transliteration Letters 10. They are all transliterated as letters underlined with diacritical marks as follows: 11. Transliteration Letters 12. The Arabic letters Th[’, Kh[’, Dh[l, Sh;n, and Ghayn )ؽ، ُ، م، ؿ، س )are transliterated as digraphs composed by two letters giving the suitable sounds 13. Transliteration Letters 14. >Ayn and Hamzah are written as diacritical letters ( ’ / ‘ ) and are transliterated as follows: 15. It is transliterated by the suitable vowel mark it bears 16. If the vowel mark is an opener (fat$ah), (hamzah) should be transliterated as an A 17. If the vowel mark is a closer (}ammah), (hamzah) should be transliterated as a U 18. If the vowel mark is a breaker (Kasrah), (hamzah) should be transliterated as an I. 19. Anywhere situated in a composite name, it is always pronounced and transliterated as an (opened hamzah) A (hamzah maftou$a). 20. In transliteration it should be considered always as (hamzat qati>) 21. When it bears a vowel sign, it should be transliterated before the suitable letter as follows 22. When ‘ is silent (Soukoun on it) it is transliterated independently 23. Vowel letters are transliterated as follows 24. At the beginning of the word: Always transliterated as W w waw 25. Following a stretching letter, it should be transliterated as ū. 26. Following a soft letter, it is transliterated as w 27. Following a stretching letter, it is transliterated as \ 28. Following a stretching letter it is transliterated as: 29. Following a soft letter it is transliterated as: ــيـ ي 30. Following a stretching letter it is transliterated as: ī إ 31. Following a soft letter it is transliterated as: ـ٤ــ ـ٣ y y[‟ 32. Anywhere situated in the word, when silent, it is transliterated as: 33. They are treated as consonants after soft letters, for that reason they are transliterated in their original form: W Y 34. The vowel marks (opener, closer, breaker and silent) A U I are transliterated in the form of their compatible vowel letters as follows 35. The “Opener” is compatible with Alif and transliterated as A a 36. The “Closer” is compatible with W[w and transliterated as U u 37. The “Breaker” is compatible with Y[’ and transliterated as I i 38. The “Silent” (Soukoun) is beared by consonant letters or vowels after soft letter and has no corresponding in the transliteration alphabet. 39. The markers (Ash Shaddah, Al Maddah) (doubling and stretching) are transliterated as follows 40. The Maddah or the stretched Alif is the combination of the Hamzah with the Alif. It is transliterated as follows: 41. "Al" Is transliterated as it is pronounced originally and lunar letters keep their original pronunciation 42. T[< (marb\tah) at the end of the name is pronounced t[<; in transliteration, it 43. But when followed by another word in a composite name, it should be transliterated as t (t[’). 44. Alif maqs\rah should be transliterated as “ ☻, ☺ ” in 45. Simple Exonyms composed of one word are transliterated and pronounced according to their original international transliteration system (ٕـاب٣ٝ Weygan Gouraud 46. Re-transliteration is not allowed 47. Exonyms composed of several words are transliterated according to their original transliteration system 48. The conjunct names should be written in transliteration, with independent conjunction 49. Else, it could be transliterated as formal Arabic (Fu^$☺) language 50. The word (ibn) begins with (Hamzat Wasl) and should be transliterated as (Hamzat Qati>) 51. However the form of national or local normalization of geographical names containing the word Ibn or Ab\ should be taken into consideration when transliterated 52. They should be transliterated as officially normalized