مفردات سودانية قحة ذات أصول أجنبية

دراسة الايتمولوجى يتطلب استعمال المعاجم لمعرفة جزور "roots" او "stems" للكلمة و هى ليست بالصعوبة التى صورتمها. المشكلة بتكون فى تطور الكلمة و من ثم دخولها فى لغات مختلفة عن طريق الاستعارة. يجب الانتباه على ان الكلمات التى تتكون "onomatopoeiacally" هى "universal" و لا تحدث عن طريق الاستعارة. مثال trash او crash, فى الانجليزية و طقطاق و طراش بالسودانية ليست نتاج الاستعارة.

This topic is more complex than it appears and I think Osama has provided the first clue in his response to Dr. Mohammed E. It is about humans and the spoken languages and to fully grasp the complexity of it all, a brief and conceptualized historical context is needed.

The first recorded attempt to find the origins of spoken words is thought to have been carried out by the Egyptian pharaoh Psametichus. He is said to have placed two children in a cave in an Egyptian remote mountain to be cared for by a deaf servant. Psametichus thought that his experiment would show that “without any linguistic (upbringing) the children would have developed their own language and thus revealed the original language”, (Victoria Fromkin 1986).

When the children became old enough to talk, the story goes, the first word they uttered was bekos, meaning bread in phrygia, the language then spoken in Phrygia in what is now modern Turkey. The language is now extinct and was thought on the basis of that experiment to be the original language of mankind. Roman followed with their own but similar experiment and ended up with tragic results. Scottish thought that Hebrew and not Phrygian was the original language after they concluded their own experiment since Hebrew would have been the Language of the Garden of Eden. Arabs believe that their language is spoken in paradise and it is the language of the Holly Qura’an which is kept safely above on The Preserved Tablet. German thought that theirs was the original since the God would have “preferred the most perfect language”, ( J. G. Becanus 1550s). The Dinka would not have any of the German claims, it is “Thong je’ing) or the Dinka and Dinka language were the first and thus their language. Their caws followed and then the rest came last.

Now let’s go let’s go back to the word bekos “Phrygian”
, خبز “Arabic” pan (Spanish), ayup “Dinka”, bread “English”- there are clearly common denominators in the etymology, phonology and morphology per supposed original word bekos. This process is found in some hypothesis in what is linguistically known as Universal Grammar"language". It is part of “human biologically endowed language faculty”, (Noam Chomsky 1979). This process includes just about everything needed in a spoken language- the sound (phonology), the meaning (semantics), the word formation (morphology), the rules of the sentences (syntax) and the vocabulary (lexicon)-all considered to be part of human genetics, (Chomsky). In other words, there is a single ancestry to all languages (mono-genetic theory of language origin). The question is this: who borrowed what from whom since all human originated from Africa?

Examples:
Conjure (English), كنجور, (Sudanese Arabic), Jok (Dinka).
Boy (English), Dhog or Dhol (Dinka), Muchacho (Spanish).
Eye (English), عين (Arabic), Nyen (Dinka), El ojo (Spanish)
Building (Englis), بيت, مبنى (Arabic), el edificio (Spanish) Bai (Dinka).
Mother (English), ma (Dinaka), madre (Spanish), ا ام (Arabic), et.