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 Re: ده كلام شنو يا Gration ؟؟ حلاوة وبسكويت لمنو (Re: النصرى أمين)
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وهنا الحوار الصحفى الذى اجرته الصحيفة مع قريشن يوم 29 سبتمبر 2009
EL FASHER, Sudan -- The volatility of this East
African nation -- from the Darfur conflict to the
threat of renewed civil war in the south
-- is becoming a test of how President Obama will
reconcile a policy of engagement with earlier
statements blasting a government he said had
"offended the standards of our common humanity."
Top administration officials are scheduled to meet
Tuesday to discuss a major review of the
United States' Sudan policy. But even as that
document is being finalized, U.S. diplomacy
has remained mostly in the hands of Obama's
special envoy to Sudan, retired Air Force Maj.
Gen. J. Scott Gration, who is pushing toward
normalized relations with the only country in
the world led by a president indicted on war-crimes charges.
Although Gration describes the approach as
pragmatic and driven by a sense of urgency,
his critics here and in the United States
say it is dangerously, perhaps willfully,
naive. During a recent five-day trip to
Sudan, Gration heard from southern officials,
displaced Darfurians, rebels and others who
complained uniformly that he is being manipulated
by government officials who talk peace even as they undermine it.
Still, at the end of the visit, Gration maintained
a strikingly different perspective. He had
seen signs of goodwill from the government of
President Omar Hassan al-Bashir, he said, and
viewed many of the complaints as understandable
yet knee-jerk reactions to
a government he trusts is ready to change.
"We've got to think about giving out
cookies," said Gration, who was appointed
in March. "Kids, countries -- they react to
gold stars, smiley faces,
handshakes, agreements, talk, engagement."
Gration's approach has supporters, including Eltyeb
Hag Ateya, a Sudanese professor and critic
of Bashir's ruling party. He said Gration is
"completely different" from previous envoys,
who succeeded only in alienating
the people who hold the levers of power in Sudan.
Gration's detractors say his approach is
based on a misunderstanding of how Bashir's
ruling party works. John Prendergast, co-chairman
of the Enough Project, a human rights group
advocating tougher, multilateral sanctions
against Sudan, said Bashir and his top advisers
respond only to pressure. "They do not respond
to nice guys coming over and saying, 'We have
to be a good guest,' " he said. "They eat these
Adam Mudawi, a Sudanese human rights activist who has
seen envoys come and go, put it more bluntly: "In six
months, he'll find out," he said. "They are liars."
But in interviews during the trip, Gration said that
Sudanese government officials have not lied to him.
He spoke of new realities in Darfur, where a brutal
government campaign has given way to banditry and
fighting among rebel factions and tribes. Although
many say the government has orchestrated the
chaos, Gration spread the blame. Rebels have
turned into criminal gangs and have not unified
for peace talks, he said. And many displaced
Darfurians are dealing with "psychological stuff"
that is leading to unhelpful
mistrust of the government, he said.
Gration said that in his view, the ruling party
deserves credit lately for allowing some foreign
aid groups to return after Bashir expelled
others following his March indictment by the
International Criminal Court on charges
of war crimes in Darfur. Gration said economic
sanctions, first imposed in 1997, have thwarted
development that would help marginalized parts of Sudan.
And as distasteful as it may seem, he said, engaging
the ruling party is the only way to get a
settlement in Darfur and to avert a potentially
devastating war ahead of the semiautonomous
southern region's 2011 vote on independence.
Ghazi Salahuddin, a close Bashir adviser,
praised Gration for "trying to be evenhanded.
" During a stop in El Fasher, capital of North
Darfur state, Gration was greeted like a rock
star by hundreds of cheering Bashir supporters
in a conference hall plastered with posters of
Bashir and Obama, poorly photo-shopped together.
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