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 Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس (Re: محمد عثمان الحاج)
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ظللنا نقرأ ونسمع عن التنافس الصيني الأمريكي على السودان، لكن هذه الوثيقة التي تتساءل هل التواجد الصيني في السودان هو تواجد لتنين قوي أم نمر من ورق، وتحلل باستفاضة شديدة التواجد الصيني في السودان ولا مبالاة الشعب السوداني بخصوصه، وقد ضحكت وأنا أقرأها، تبين بوضوح أنه لايوجد تنافس! على كل، أول مرة أعرف أنه أصبح هناك حي صيني China Town في الخرطوم ويتعجب الكاتب من كون لحم الخنزير يباع في المتاجر الصينية علنا رغم قوانين الشريعة الإسلامية! عسى ألا يكون لحم الكلاب ايضا مما يباع فيها!
http://wikileaks.org/cable/2007/01/07KHARTOUM119.html
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 KHARTOUM 000119
SIPDIS
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/SPG, AF/SE, AF/RSA, AF/EPS, AND EAP/CM
NSC FOR PITTMAN, SHORTLEY, AND ASIAN AFFAIRS
E.O. 12958: DECL: 01/22/2017
TAGS: PREL ECON EFIN ETRD PGOV SOCI SU CH
SUBJECT: CHINA IN SUDAN: RISING DRAGON OR PAPER TIGER?
KHARTOUM 00000119 001.2 OF 003
Classified By: CDA Cameron Hume, Reason: Sections 1.4 (b) and (d)
¶1. (C) Summary: China has quickly become Sudan's most
important market, absorbing nearly 70 percent of its total
exports in 2004, and 96 percent of its oil exports in 2005.
Chinese investment and immigration have risen sharply in the
past five years, especially in Khartoum, creating a kind of
Chinatown on the Blue Nile. On the eve of President Hu
Jintao,s expected visit to Sudan in early February,
questions remain about what kind of friend China actually is,
and about what impact its economic dominance is having on
Sudanese society. More importantly, the import of China's
long-term influence in Sudan seems increasingly open to
debate. The rising dragon may turn out to be a paper tiger.
End Summary.
-----------------------------------
China's Economic Dominance in Sudan
-----------------------------------
¶2. (SBU) "Create the new and strive beyond!" exhorts a banner
-- in Chinese -- above the entrance to Sudan Hotel, on a
tree-lined stretch of the Blue Nile in central Khartoum.
Originally built for wealthy European tourists, the hotel now
houses the senior management of the China National Petroleum
Corporation (CNPC). The banner -- and the hotel -- symbolize
China's growing demand for oil, and its increasing influence
over Sudan's economy. According to the most recent Bank of
Sudan figures, Sudanese exports to China topped USD 2.5
billion in 2004, or nearly 67 percent of the country's total
exports; preliminary data suggests these figures may have
risen as much as 70 percent in 2005, to USD 4.3 billion.
(Note: By contrast, Japan -- Sudan's second largest export
market -- accounted for only 11 percent of the country's
exports in 2004, and probably even less in 2005. End note)
Oil comprised 83 percent of Sudan's total exports in the
first half of 2005, and almost all of it -- 96 percent --
went to China.
¶3. (C) China is also one of the largest foreign investors in
Sudan, and one of its largest sources of foreign labor.
Though the dollar value of Chinese investment lags behind
totals from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, China
leads in the number of individual projects, according to the
Ministry of Investment. The number of registered Chinese
companies in Sudan jumped from 69 in 2000 to 124 in 2005.
But the number of registered Chinese workers rose even more
sharply over the same period, from 8,300 in 2000 to nearly
24,000 in 2005, based on Ministry of Interior figures.
Moreover, according to Professor Ali Abdalla Ali of the Sudan
University of Science and Technology (protect), as many as
40,000 more unregistered Chinese are working on oil
exploration or heavy construction projects across the country
with the tacit permission of local authorities. According to
one popular story in Khartoum, there are now over 100,000
Chinese in Sudan -- many of whom, according to the rumor, the
Chinese government released from prison to work in Sudanese
oilfields.
-----------------------------
What Kind of Friend is China?
-----------------------------
¶4. (C) In reality, more and more Chinese in Sudan work
outside the petroleum sector, in service industries catering
to the country's growing Chinese community. Khartoum's
eastern suburbs are fast becoming a sort of Chinatown on the
Blue Nile. Major Chinese companies like ZTE, Huawei, and the
Zijing Group have built large compounds not far from the
ever-expanding Chinese Embassy, complete with hotels and
travel agencies for their expatriate staff. Chinese doctors
have established a private hospital specializin in
traditional Chinese medicine, and a number of small Chinese
supermarkets and restaurants have popped up across the city,
openly selling pork and alcohol in defiance of local Shari'a
law. "I came here for the money," said one waitress
matter-of-factly. "It was better than staying at home in
Yantai." Though the shops and dumpling joints are popular
with Chinese and Western expatriates alike, most Sudanese
KHARTOUM 00000119 002.2 OF 003
seem remarkably indifferent to their new Chinese neighbors.
The University of Khartoum began offering Chinese language
courses four years ago -- with a Chinese-educated Sudanese
national as the professor -- but enrollment remains very
small. "I wanted to learn Chinese so I could work for a
Chinese company," said one former student in the class. "But
it doesn't matter if you speak Arabic or Chinese, because the
Chinese won't make a Sudanese person a manager. Besides,
Chinese was so hard -- now I want to learn English."
¶5. (C) Politically, of course, Sudan's Government of National
Unity (GNU) is anything but indifferent to China; it relies
not only on China's increasing demand for oil, but also on
its tacit international support on issues like Darfur. "A
lot of people in this government turn a blind eye to whatever
the Chinese are doing here -- working illegally, smuggling
goods, selling alcohol -- because they think they need them,"
said Professor Ali. "People feel grateful because China
helped Sudan drill for oil, even though the Chinese are just
helping themselves." More recently, however, some officials
in the ruling National Congress Party fault Beijing for not
using its veto against UNSC 1706, according to Ali. "They
want to know what kind of friend China really is." China
also remains a major arms supplier for the Sudanese Armed
Forces (SAF), though perhaps as much for economic as
political reasons. Given the size of Sudan's oil exports to
China, Sudan is one of the few countries that enjoys a trade
surplus with China -- some 2 billion dollars in 2004 alone.
According to Professor Ali -- who serves as an advisor to the
Ministry of Finance -- China has repeatedly tried to persuade
Sudan to convert its trade surplus into goods. "Last year
they offered to give us 8 billion dollars worth of arms," he
said, though he does not know if the Government accepted the
offer.
--------------------
Exporting Corruption
--------------------
¶6. (C) China's growing economic role in Sudan is starting to
raise questions among some Sudanese, especially
intellectuals. "It's exactly what the British did here --
classic informal imperialism," said Dr. Magdi el Gizouli
(protect), a suave UK-educated medical researcher and
prominent member of the Sudanese Communist Party (SCP).
Gizouli has recently written eight editorials in the Khartoum
daily &Al-Ayam8 examining China's relations with Sudan; the
articles created "a bit of a stir" when published, Gizolui
admitted, but that seems to have been his primary goal. "No
one in Sudan wants to think of themselves as being
re-colonized, especially by China." Gizouli laughed at the
irony of a Sudanese Communist criticizing a nominally
Communist state as imperialist, but quickly added that he
didn't believe China had ever really been communist -- and
that the Chinese Communist Party had never had good relations
with the party in Sudan. "China is here to take our oil, but
what are they giving us in return? The British at least gave
us Western ideas. The Chinese just give money to a few
people in the Government who are already very rich."
¶7. (C) Professor Ali agreed, charging that China was actually
"exporting corruption" to Sudan. "We have been brought up
with British law and Islamic justice, but now the Chinese are
destroying it," he moaned. "They send government officials
to China in business class, show them the Great Wall, and
give them expensive gifts. And no one wants to talk about it
because their mouths are full of money." Chinese-style
corruption does seem to be making inroads in Sudan.
Khartoum's property market has become inflated, Ali charged,
because local Chinese managers have started "padding prices."
The contracting manager asks the seller to write the
contract for a higher price than the actual sales price, and
reports the higher figure to the company; he then keeps the
difference, or shares it with his boss. Worse, said Ali, as
more and more Chinese in Sudan enter the retail sector --
typically selling Chinese-made goods they smuggled into the
country -- they drive out local merchants who cannot compete
on price. "Sudanese always used to go to the Canton Fair,
but now they don't, because they simply can't complete with a
KHARTOUM 00000119 003.2 OF 003
Chinese merchant who hasn't paid customs duties." There has
been no talk of a boycott of Chinese goods, Ali admitted, but
most Sudanese prefer to buy Western goods simply because the
quality is better. "Of course we can't buy American goods
because of the sanctions, so we really don't have much
choice," he joked.
--------------------------
Comment: Dragon or Tiger?
--------------------------
¶8. (C) Professor Ali may be overstating his case, but China's
strong economic influence in Sudan no doubt stems at least in
part from the absence of U.S. economic competition. More
poignantly, China's increasing investment in Sudan and its
economic dominance here come not only in spite of U.S.
sanctions, but from China's thirst for new sources of oil to
fuel its own economic expansion -- an expansion funded by
U.S. investors and U.S. consumers. On the eve of President
Hu Jintao,s expected visit to Sudan in early February, it
seems too early to say what kind of impact China will have on
Sudan over the long term. If the broader international
environment changes, or if domestic resentment continues to
grow, China may seem less like a rising dragon and more like
a paper tiger.
HUME
التعديل لإضافة رابط الصفحة.
(عدل بواسطة محمد عثمان الحاج on 09-04-2011, 06:43 PM)
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الكاتب |
Date |
 مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 08:03 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 08:04 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 08:09 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 08:20 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 08:25 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-03-11, 10:10 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 10:44 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-03-11, 11:05 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-03-11, 11:05 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | SAIF MUstafa | 09-04-11, 00:04 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-04-11, 00:25 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | motaz ali | 09-04-11, 03:11 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 04:24 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 08:26 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | أحمد أمين | 09-04-11, 12:06 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | أحمد أمين | 09-04-11, 12:12 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 06:21 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 06:40 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 06:48 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-04-11, 07:48 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 05:28 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 06:00 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | قلقو | 09-05-11, 06:56 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | أحمد أمين | 09-05-11, 11:17 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 03:44 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | بريمة محمد | 09-05-11, 07:24 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 08:41 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 08:54 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 09:08 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 09:20 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 09:42 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 09:56 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Abobakr Shadad | 09-05-11, 10:49 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 11:31 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-05-11, 11:45 PM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-06-11, 00:20 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | محمد عثمان الحاج | 09-06-11, 00:38 AM |
| Re: مراسلات السفارة الامريكية فى الخرطوم دون تنقيح فى وثائق ويكيليكس | Kostawi | 09-14-11, 09:15 PM |
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