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 Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. (Re: محمد مكى محمد)
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Results and Discussion of Household Survey
1. Antenatal care
The study showed that 77.9% of women visited antenatal care (ANC) clinics at least once during their last pregnancy, however, over 42% had more than 5 visits. The following graph compares the percentage of women who received ANC between the Sudan Maternal & Child Health Survey 1992-93 (SMCHS), Safemotherhood Survey 1999(SMS), Multiindicators Survey 2000(MICS) and the Sudan Health System Study 2003 (SHSS).
It is obvious that the percentage of women attending ANC clinics have been increasing from year 1999.
The study found that 66.9% received ANC at public health facilities, 16.6% at home 16.5% at private health facilities and 3.3% at other facilities.( The SMCHS 1992/93 it was found that 63.4% received ANC at public health facilities,20.1% at home, 68% checked up pregnancy in a governmental health facility,19% in private health centres and 12% at home). There is a slight increase in those receiving ANC in public & private health facilities,but the number of those receiving ANC care at home has dropped by 8%
Those who failed to go to ANC (22.1%) attributed it to many reasons; 37.7% of them did not attend ANC clinics as there were no complaints during pregnancy, 18.8% were ignorant about ANC, and 14.3% gave other reasons, whilst the same percentage i.e. 10.2% either did not have a means of transportation or could not afford to pay for ANC. The minority said that the health facility is too far. This is as compare to SMCHS 1992/93 which showed that 24% indicated that the main reason for not checking up pregnancy was that they were not exposed to health problems during pregnancy). The number of pregnant women who did not attend ANC due to absence of health problems has risen from 24% to 37.7% according to SMCHS 1992-93.
2. Natal services and postnatal care (PNC)
The majority of women delivered their last child at home (75.3%), 21% at a public health facility and 2% at a private health facility. SMS 1999 found that 86% of deliveries were conducted at home,1% at a private health facility and public health facility.
SMCHS 1992/93 found that 80% of deliveries took place at home, 16% in a public health facility,2% in private health care centres.
The percentage of women who delivered their last child at home has declined by over 10%:
The largest proportion had a village midwife attending their delivery at home 63.6%, however considerable number (19.4%) delivered by non health professional.(57% of deliveries were attended by a trained cadre,31% of deliveries by a traditional MW i.e trained/untrained,14% of births by relatives or no one as seen in SMS 1999 while in MICS2000, 87% births were attended by a skilled personnel and in SMCHS 1992/93 77% of deliveries were attended by midwives,8% by physicians,4% by relatives. The percentage of women whose delivery was attended by a non health professional has fallen by 13%.
The majority of the women (78.4%) did not receive PNC, while (21.6%) did receive one or two PNC visits (44.2% received 2 PNC visits, 27.7% 1 visit, 11.9% 5 or more, 11.7% 3 PNC visits and 4.5% received 4 PNC visits while 70% did not receive PNC during the five years preceding the surveyas found in Sudan Maternal & Child Health Survey 1992-93). SMS 1999 showed that 13% received PNC. The percentage of women who did not receive PNC has risen by 8.4% from its previous values according to SMCHS 1992-93.
3. Breastfeeding:
The majority of women, i.e. 96.4% breast feed their children. 77.8% of mothers immediately initiated breast feeding after delivery, 12.5% after 1 hour, 2, 7% after 1 day and 7% after 2 days or more.(Prevalence of breastfeeding of children was 97% of births during the 5 years preceding the survey)Sudan Maternal & Child Health Survey 1992-93)
The percentage of women who breast feed their children has almost remained the same( i.e dropped by 0.4%).
4. Knowledge attitude and practice towards ill child with diarrhea
A large number of mothers with a child (0-24) with diarrhea (82.4%) have recognized ORS; the remaining 17.6% are completely ignorant about ORS.
The majority of those who recognized ORS (89.4%) are familiar with preparing it in general, but only 77.4% are capable to prepare it correctly. The following bar chart gives a comparison of knowledge about ORS between the Sudan Maternal and Child Health Survey 1992/93 (SMCHS ) and the Sudan Health System Study 2003 (SHSS)
The study showed that 50.6% of children under 2 years of age had an attack of diarrhoea during the past 3 months, whilst 49.4% did not. The Multiple Indicator Survey 2000 (MICS) showed that diarrhea in under 5 children U5C the 2 weeks preceding the survey was 28% in the northern Sudan and 25% in the southern states. SMCHS 1992/93 showed that the percentage of children who suffered from diarrhoea in the past 14 days who are in the age group 0-6 months was 29.1%, in the age group 6-11 months was 44.8% and in the age group 12-17 was 40.5%.
The majority of mothers (49.8) sought treatment for their child with diarrhoea at a public health facility, 31.4% treated their child at home, 11.2% did not seek treatment, whereas 5.2% went to a private health facility and only 2.4% were treated at a traditional/spiritual healer. Only 39.4% of those who have been treated at home were given ORS as part of treatment for diarrhoea. SMCHS 1992/93 showed that sources of consultation were health specialists (37.4%), traditional source (4.7%), or sources (0.5%) and without consultation was 57.4%.
The majority of the mothers (88.1%) continued breast feeding their child with diarrhea. Of those, 51.7% claimed no change in frequency of breast feeding their child with diarrhoea, 33.6% increased the number of breast feeds and 13.5% decreased the frequency.
Fifty four percent of mothers continued providing the same routine feeding i.e. semi solid/ liquid food as before, 21.6% enhanced giving semi-solid/liquid food, 12.9% reduced giving semi-solid liquid food and 5.9% switched onto solid food while 5.6% completely stopped giving semi-solid liquid food. In MICS 2000, 37% of the U5C with diarrhoea received one or more of the recommended home treatment (ORS and RHF) while 24% of them received increased fluids and continued eating as recommended. SMCHS 1992/93 showed that 15% of U5C with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks received more fluid and 2.6% received more food, while 34.7% received less fluids and 39% received less food and 45.9% received same amount of fluid and 42% same amount of food. SMCHS 1992/93 also showed that 25.9% received ORS only, 8% received home solution.
5. Vaccination against child hood immunizable diseases:
Almost twice as much of mothers (66%) are aware about when their child should receive the first immunization dose. The study showed that 69.4 % of the children (11-23) are vaccinated.
The following graph gives a comparison of children who are immunized between Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2000(MICS) and Sudan Health System Study 2003.
In this regard, SMCHS 1992/93 shows that immunization is 100% for U5C whose card is seen and for those whose card is not seen is 21.4% for the age group 0-5 months, 56.1 for the age group 6-11 months and 60.8 for the age group 12-17 months.
The public health facility is the commonest place for receiving vaccination, it accounts to 70.7 % of the studied population.
The study showed that 71.4% of the children received their DPT3 dose and 64.8 % of them were verified by their vaccination card to have received DPT3.
As regard to TT vaccination, 77.5% of the mothers received TT immunization at least once:
6. Family planning (FP):
The study revealed that 64.8 % of the mothers had an idea about family planning. This finding is comparable to what have been found by SMS 1999 as shown in the following graph:
In the SHSS , The respondents attributed the source of knowledge about FP to health worker (55.5%), followed by radio (37.2%) and television (25.3%)
Only 26.3% of the mothers ever used a family planning method:
And the most commonly used method of contraception is the pill ( 87%) followed by IUD ( 13%). Pill is most widely used as seen in MICS as well
Many reasons and beliefs contributed to not using family planning methods, for instance, husband refusal in 12%, however the largest percentage 36.6% refused to give a reason.
The study found that 13.6 % of the mothers are currently pregnant. Only (19.8% ) of those who are not pregnant and who are aware of FP are currently using a FPM
40.9 % of the current users get their contraception method from the health center\ hospital. SMCHS 1992/93 shows that the common source is the public sector which is contributing to 69% while that the private sector is contributing to 24%. SMS 1999 found that 7% are currently using any FPM.
MICS2000 showed that 7% of married woman are currently using a contraceptive. SMCHS 1992/93 shows that current use of FP was 10%.
7. Malaria:
The percentage of children under 2 years of age had at least one episode of malaria in the past three months was found to be 47.6 % the. Following the start of the symptoms, 68.8% of the mothers seek treatment for their sick child within 24 hours. . MICS2000 shows that the percentage of U5C who had fever in the 2 weeks prior to the survey was 22.8%. SMCHS1992/93 showed that 34% of U5C suffered from fever during the 2 weeks preceding the survey.
Almost 68 % of the mothers knew about Malaria prevention.
8. HIV/AIDS
The study showed that 67.2% of the mothers heard about AIDS. SMS1999 showed 71% ever heard about AIDS. More than 60% of them had a good idea about the different methods of AIDS transmission except for 19.1 % who didn't know. MICS 2000 show that 6% of the women age 15-49 correctly identified three misconceptions of HIV transmission
9. Water and Sanitation
Regarding the availability of safe water supply, 59.3% of the household had a safe water supply through a public net work while 24.5 % don’t have a clean source of water.
Arround 42% of the house hold has a clean kitchen/ cooking place, 39.5 % of the household has a clean bathroom/ washing place and 56% of the household use pit latrines, 29 % use open air and only 9.8% use lavatories. MICS shows that 40% of the population of Sudan has no access to sanitary means of excreta of disposal. SMS 1999 showed that 37% don’t have access to sanitary means of excreta of disposal. DHS showed that 33.4 use open air.
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| العنوان |
الكاتب |
Date |
 ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-25-09, 10:53 PM |
 Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-25-09, 11:15 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-25-09, 11:24 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 08:12 AM |
 Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | على عجب | 08-26-09, 11:05 AM |
 Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:18 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | Elmosley | 08-26-09, 11:12 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:25 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:33 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:34 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | Dr.Elsadig Abdalla | 08-26-09, 11:34 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:36 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:37 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:39 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:40 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:42 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:44 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:57 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:57 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 11:59 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:03 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:04 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:05 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:06 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:07 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:10 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:11 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:11 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:12 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:13 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:14 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:15 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:16 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:18 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:18 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:19 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:21 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:22 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:24 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:24 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:25 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:26 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:27 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:28 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:29 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:35 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:36 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:37 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:38 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:39 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:40 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:41 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:42 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:43 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:44 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:45 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:46 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:47 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:49 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 12:50 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 01:00 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 01:07 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 01:30 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 03:10 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | بخاري عثمان الامين | 08-26-09, 04:02 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | Dr.Elsadig Abdalla | 08-26-09, 07:32 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | Nazar Yousif | 08-26-09, 07:44 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 10:34 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 09:53 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-26-09, 09:23 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | Amjed | 08-27-09, 00:10 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-27-09, 11:45 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-27-09, 03:42 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-27-09, 04:37 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-27-09, 04:41 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-28-09, 10:23 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | نجلاء سيد أحمد | 08-28-09, 02:04 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-28-09, 06:37 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-28-09, 10:17 PM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | سليمان الرفاعي | 08-29-09, 00:04 AM |
| Re: ركن الراحل الزميل د.عماد الامين (نقاشات وصور) أيرلندا. | محمد مكى محمد | 08-29-09, 04:56 PM |
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محمد مكى محمد
فيس بوك
تويتر
انستقرام
يوتيوب
بنتيريست