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 Re: Confiscation of issues of English-language daily (Re: abdel abayazid)
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The confiscation of "Khartoum Monitor" happened after this articale.
History speaks to Abdalla Ali
By Edward Ladu Terso - [email protected]
Khartoum Monitor
March 9, 2003
This is a historical backup to my previous response to Abdalla Ali of the Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC) in his letter to the Editor published in Khartoum Monitor, page three, on Thursday, February 27, 2003, where he asked Joseph Bassan to read history again. He also claimed that Islam came to his home area peacefully. But history says otherwise. You can read on and I wish you pleasant reading.
"The governor of Qus carried out a counter raid towards Dongola in the following year, but in 1275, he sent out a full-scale expedition including both Mameluks and Arab tribesmen, to install Shakanda, another Nubian prince, in place of David. A battle was fought in 176 near Dongola, in which the Mameluks expeditionary force was victorious. It was the first Muslim army to penetrate so far into Nubia since 'Abdalla ibn S'ad, over six centuries before.
"Shakanda was crowned in Dongola, and for the first time, a Nubian king took an oath to a sultan in Egypt as his overlord. From the point of view of the Egyptian chancery, Shakanda's status was assimilated to that of a provincial governor, and that of the Nubians to dhimmis, that is, Christians living under Muslim rule and protection, and paying tribute. The two northern fortresses of Ibrim and al-Dawla were placed under the sultan's jurisdiction, and their revenues went to his Privy Purse."
"This pattern of events, the invasion of Nubia to install a pretender as vassal-king, was to recur on several occasions in the next forty years. At no time did the Mameluks sultans carry out, or even attempt, a permanent military conquest of al-Muqurra, although for a short time in the reign of Qalawun there was a Mameluks garrison in Dongola."
"Nevertheless, the remote security of Nubia, which had impressed Ibn Sulaym three centuries before, was at an end. In 1292, one of these vassal kings wrote bitterly to al-Ashraf Khalil, Qalawun's son, after an interruption of the baqt, that the land was wasted because of the invasions of the Muslim armies time after time after time, augmented by the destruction caused by the king of al-Abwab, the southern neighbor of al-Muqurra."
"Another of Qalawun's sons, al-Nasir Muhammad, inaugurated the last stage in the history of Muqurra. Unlike his predecessors, al-Nasir Muhammad was not a warrior king. The last of the crusader territories had been conquered by Khalil: the Mongol rulers of Persia and Iraq had been converted to Islam, and no longer presented a threat to the Mameluks sultanate. The potential danger from Christian Nubia was also brought to an end. A Mameluk expedition to Dongola in 1316 installed as king a Nubian prince, 'Abdalla Barshambu, who had been converted to Islam while a hostage in Cairo."
"The sole significant act of his short reign was the turning of the Church in Old Dongola into a Mosque, an event commemorated in an inscription dated 16 Rabi' 1717 (that is May 29, 1317), which still exists. 'Abdalla Barshambu was soon overthrown and killed by a rival, none other than the current Kanz al-Dawla, whose clan had intermarried with the Nubian Royal family. After further troubles, and another Mameluk expedition in 1323-4, the Kanz al Dawla succeeded in establishing himself on the throne."
In fact, this is what has been going on in north-south conflict. It is the continuation of this very history. The stories, fiction or fact, about some southern political personalities, including some southern chiefs, being secretly stamped, is the personalization of these brutal facts of history. So, there is no need trying to mask everything as if they never happened. History is not dead. Even the present day lies go down into history. Nothing is left to chance.
The issue is "are we now conscience-clear about the bitterness generated by these historical facts? Are we now ready to change the course of history for the good of humanity? Are we ready to convert and chart the path of humanization rather than dehumanization?" These are the issues we should concern ourselves with. Otherwise, the "rat game," of biting and blowing cool air into the wound will not help.
(This excerpt is taken from "A History of the Sudan" co-authored by P.M. Holt, Professor Emeritus of the history of the Near and Middle East in the University of London and M. N. Dally, Associate Professor of history, Memphis state University, pages 22 and 23.)
I beg to apologize for the appearance of this very acknowledgment in the same column on March 8, 2003. It was as if the article entitled, "Skin Bleaching, part four," was authored by the two authors above. But that was a blatant mistake. I deeply regret any inconveniences caused.
Deng.
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Deng
فيس بوك
تويتر
انستقرام
يوتيوب
بنتيريست