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 تفاصيل مناقشات الكونغرس حول السودان أبريل 2004
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108th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. RES. 194
Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish slavery and other human rights abuses in the Sudan .
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
April 10, 2003
Mr. CAPUANO (for himself, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. WOLF, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, and Mr. WEXLER) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations
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RESOLUTION
Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish slavery and other human rights abuses in the Sudan .
Whereas the efforts of the government of Khartoum to subjugate the peoples of the southern Sudan have led to the death of more than 2,000,000 persons and the displacement of another 4,000,000 persons;
Whereas the 2001 State Department Country Report on Human Rights estimates that between 5,000 and 15,000 Dinka women and children have been abducted during the past 15 years, and that between 10,000 and 12,000 persons remain in captivity;
Whereas credible observers report that some of the abductees were sold into slavery and others used as forced labor or drafted into the military, including children;
Whereas the 2002 State Department Country Report on Human Rights notes that persons held in government controlled `Peace' camps for internally displaced persons were reportedly subjected to forced labor;
Whereas the Special Rapporteur for Sudan to the General Assembly of the United Nations concluded, on November 4, 2002, that the dire human rights situation in Sudan had not significantly changed;
Whereas the United States Civilian Protection Monitoring Team (CPMT) reported in February 2003 that militia allied with the Government of Sudan and supported directly by Government of Sudan troops continued to abduct civilians in the western Upper Nile region of Sudan ;
Whereas subsequent to the February 2003 report of the Civilian Protection Monitoring Team, the Government of Sudan has restricted the movements of the CPMT and prevented it from carrying out its mandate;
Whereas the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights declares `[n]o one shall be held in slavery or servitude: slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms';
Whereas numerous human rights organizations, including Christian Solidarity International, the Center for Religious Freedom of Freedom House, and the American Anti-Slavery Group have demanded an end to slavery in all its forms and, in particular, to the abuses practiced by the Government of Sudan ;
Whereas the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People adopted, in May 1995, a Resolution to Combat Modern Day Slavery stating that slavery in Sudan was an `irrefutable fact, corroborated by numerous sources,' and pledging that `we will not rest until these slaves are freed';
Whereas the House of Representatives has repeatedly decried human rights abuses in Sudan and called for the abolition of the slave trade and of chattel slavery in Sudan ;
Whereas the House of Representatives committed itself to practical measures to suppress the slave trade and chattel slavery in the Sudan by the passage, by a vote of 359-8, in the 107th Congress of H.R. 5531, the `Sudan Peace Act', and the Senate passed a similar measure, S. 180, unanimously;
Whereas the United Nations Commission on Human Rights is now conducting its 59th session in Geneva from March 17 through April 25, 2003;
Whereas the United States rejoined the United Nations Commission on Human Rights having been elected to a three-term beginning in 2003;
Whereas the head of the United States delegation to the United Nations Commission on Human rights, Ambassaador Jeane Kirkpatrick, declared in her opening address that `[t]he Commission has the solemn duty to speak for those who are denied the right to speak for themselves';
Whereas Human Rights Watch and many other concerned persons and organizations have called upon the United Nations Commission on Human Rights to renew the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on human rights for Sudan , and to condemn gross abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law by the Sudanese Government and rebel Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) forces; and
Whereas the current session of United Nations Commission on Human Rights will be discussing whether to change the status of Sudan from `Item 9', country with grave human rights problems justifying the appointment of a Special Rapporteur to investigate abuses and to report on them, to a lesser level of concern: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, That is the sense of the House of Representatives that--
(1) slavery, under any circumstances, is an unconscionable practice;
(2) the subjection inherent in slavery inevitably leads to other abuses, including torture and rape;
(3) human rights abuses and slavery in Sudan remain a matter of the most profound concern;
(4) the United States must resist attempts to ignore or condone these outrages;
(5) the United States must support the maintenance, by the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, of Sudan as an `Item 9' country, requiring a Special Rapporteur; and
(6) the United States should encourage the United Nations to consider reinstating sanctions against Sudan and urge the European Union, the African Union, and all others who express concern for human freedom and dignity to be engaged in activities that will convince Sudan to abolish slavery and respect human rights.
Condemning the Government of the Republic of the Sudan for its participation and complicity in the attacks against innocent civilians in the impoverished Darfur region of western Sudan. (Introduced in Senate)
SCON 99 IS
108th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. CON. RES. 99
Condemning the Government of the Republic of the Sudan for its participation and complicity in the attacks against innocent civilians in the impoverished Darfur region of western Sudan .
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
April 8, 2004
Mr. BROWNBACK (for himself and Mr. FEINGOLD) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
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CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Condemning the Government of the Republic of the Sudan for its participation and complicity in the attacks against innocent civilians in the impoverished Darfur region of western Sudan .
Whereas, since early 2003, a conflict between forces of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan , including militia forces backed by the Government, and rebel forces in the impoverished Darfur region of western Sudan has resulted in attacks by ground and air forces of the Government of Sudan against innocent civilians and undefended villages in the region;
Whereas the militia forces backed by the Government of Sudan have also engaged in the use of rape as a weapon of war, the abduction of children, the destruction of food and water sources, and the deliberate and systematic manipulation and denial of humanitarian assistance for the people of the Darfur region;
Whereas United Nations officials and nongovernmental organizations have indicated that the humanitarian situation in the Darfur region is extremely urgent, particularly in light of restrictions by the Government of Sudan on the delivery of humanitarian assistance for the people of the region;
Whereas, on December 18, 2003, United Nations Undersecretary General for Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland declared that the Darfur region was probably `the world's worst humanitarian catastrophe';
Whereas, on February 17, 2004, Amnesty International reported that it `continues to receive details of horrifying attacks against civilians in villages by government warplanes, soldiers, and pro-government militia';
Whereas, on February 18, 2004, United Nations Special Envoy for Humanitarian Affairs in Sudan Tom Eric Vraalsen declared, following a trip to the Darfur region, that `aid workers are unable to reach the vast majority [of the displaced]';
Whereas Doctors Without Borders, the Nobel Peace Prize-winning medical humanitarian relief organization and one of the few aid groups on the ground in the Darfur region, reported that the region is the scene of `catastrophic mortality rates'; and
Whereas nearly 3,000,000 people affected by the conflict in the Darfur region have remained beyond the reach of aid agencies trying to provide essential humanitarian assistance, and United Nations aid agencies estimate that they have been able to reach only 15 percent of people in need and that more than 700,000 people have been displaced within Sudan in the past year: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That Congress--
(1) strongly condemns the Government of the Republic of the Sudan for its attacks against innocent civilians in the impoverished Darfur region of western Sudan and for its failure to take effective actions to stop militia attacks on civilians in the region, and demands that the Government of Sudan immediately take actions to cease these attacks;
(2) calls on the international community to strongly condemn the Government of Sudan for its participation and complicity in these attacks and demand that such attacks cease;
(3) urges the Government of Sudan to allow the delivery of humanitarian assistance to people in the Darfur region; and
(4) urges the President to direct the United States Representative to the United Nations to seek an official investigation by the United Nations to determine if crimes against humanity have been committed by the Government of Sudan in the Darfur region
Recognizing the involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism by senior officials of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan and calling on Sudan to cease its involvement... (Introduced in House)
HCON 402 IH
108th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. CON. RES. 402
Recognizing the involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism by senior officials of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan and calling on Sudan to cease its involvement in acts of international terrorism and to prosecute and punish any Sudanese officials who have supported or have been involved in acts of international terrorism.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
March 30, 2004
Mr. TANCREDO (for himself and Mr. PAYNE) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations
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CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Recognizing the involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism by senior officials of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan and calling on Sudan to cease its involvement in acts of international terrorism and to prosecute and punish any Sudanese officials who have supported or have been involved in acts of international terrorism.
Whereas the Government of the Republic of the Sudan came to power through a military coup in 1989 and, since 1993, has been included by the Department of State on its list of countries that sponsor terrorism;
Whereas Sudan gave sanctuary to Osama bin Laden from 1991 to 1996, allowing him to build his terror network worldwide;
Whereas Sudan has refused to disassociate itself from terrorist groups, such as Hamas and Hezbollah that openly maintain offices in Khartoum, and Sudan has refused to close these offices;
Whereas Sheikh Abdel Rahman, the leader of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, received his visa in Khartoum and reportedly was a guest of a senior Sudanese Government official for several weeks;
Whereas of the 15 men indicted for the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, five were Sudanese nationals who had strong ties with Sudanese diplomats stationed in New York at the Mission of the Government of the Republic of Sudan to the United Nations;
Whereas in 1995, members of the terrorist group Gama'a Islamiya tried to assassinate President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt while he was in Ethiopia for a summit meeting of the Organization of African Unity (now referred to as the African Union);
Whereas the 11-man assassination team was given safe haven in Sudan to prepare for its mission to assassinate President Mubarak;
Whereas, according to a United Nations report, the weapons used in the assassination attempt were reportedly flown to Ethiopia by Sudan Airways, and the passports used by the assassins were prepared in Khartoum;
Whereas one of the assassins escaped on Sudan Airways to Sudan , where he joined two other members of the assassination team;
Whereas the United Nations Security Council imposed punitive sanctions on Sudan in 1996, demanding the extradition of the three assassins;
Whereas the whereabouts of the three assassins are currently unknown, although reports suggest that senior Sudanese officials facilitated their escape to Afghanistan in the mid-1990s; and
Whereas not a single senior government official in Sudan has been removed from power or has been imprisoned because of involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the House of Representatives--
(1) recognizes the involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism by senior officials of the Government of the Republic of the Sudan ;
(2) calls on the Government of Sudan to cease its involvement in or support for acts of international terrorism and to prosecute and punish any Sudanese officials who have been involved in or supported acts of international terrorism;
(3) recommends that the Government of Sudan thoroughly revamp and restructure its security services and remove individuals who have been involved in acts of international terrorism as part of a final peace agreement in order to ensure lasting peace and stability in Sudan ; and
(4) requests that the Secretary of State investigate and submit a report to Congress documenting--
(A) the involvement in or support of senior officials in the current Government of Sudan in support of acts of terrorism against the United States;
(B) the nature and extent of the participation, if any, of senior Sudanese government officials in--
(i) the 1993 World Trade Center bombing;
(ii) the assassination attempt of President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt; and
(iii) the bombings of the embassies of the United States in Kenya and Tanzania;
(C) the nature and extent of support being provided to Hamas and Hezbollah by Sudan ;
(D) the presence of Sudanese `volunteer' fighters currently in Iraq who have been involved in terror attacks against United States Armed Forces, and the nature and extent of the participation, if any, of Sudan in the facilitation of the movement of these fighters from Sudan to Iraq; and
(E) the nature and extent of the participation, if any, of particular Sudanese officials in support of acts of international terrorism, including--
(i) Ali Osman Mohammed Taha, First Vice President;
(ii) Dr. Nafee Ali Nafee, Minister of the Federal Government and former Minister of the Interior (External Intelligence);
(iii) Dr. Ghazi Salahadin, Presidential Advisor and Senior Member of the National Islamic Front;
(iv) Dr. Awad Ahmed El Jaz, Minister of Energy and Mining;
(v) Dr. Mutref Sadig Nimeri, Director General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and former Intelligence Chief during the assassination attempt against President Hosni Mubarak;
(vi) Dr. Qutbi Al-Mahdi, former External Intelligence Chief;
(vii) Major General Salah Abdallah, Director of the Internal Security Branch;
(viii) Major General El Hadi El Nakasha, Minister of Cabinet Affairs;
(ix) Dr. Abul Karim Abdalla, Director of the External Security Branch;
(x) Major General Osama Abdalla, National Congress Party;
(xi) Major General Jamal Zamgan; and
(xii) Major General Emad El Din Hussein.
Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish slavery and other human rights abuses in the Sudan. (Introduced in House)
HRES 194 IH
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