الســـــودان............. موريتانــيا تشــــابه عجيب!!!!

تأهب أمني في موريتانيا تحسبا لمحاولة انقلابية جديدة

محمد ولد عبد الرحمن- نواكشوط


موريتانيا لم تعرف الهدوء منذ المحاولة الانقلابية العام الماضي
ذكرت مصادر مطلعة في موريتانيا للجزيرة نت أن قوات الأمن عثرت مساء أمس على سيارة محملة بالأسلحة وقذائف "آر بي جي" مخبأة في مستودع بمقاطعة الميناء الضاحية الجنوبية للعاصمة نواكشوط.

وأفادت هذه المصادر بأنه من المرجح أن يكون النقيب عبد الرحمن ولد ميني الذي أعلن القبض عليه السبت الماضي قد دخل بتلك الأسلحة إلى البلاد في وقت سابق من الشهر الجاري.

وواصلت قوات الأمن عملية مداهمة المنازل وتفتيشها في العديد من أحياء العاصمة، كما اتخذت إجراءات أمنية مشددة على مناطق العبور على الحدود الشرقية للبلاد ومنافذ العاصمة، وذلك في إطار تحسبها لوقوع محاولة انقلابية جديدة بالبلاد.

وشهدت العاصمة نواكشوط الليلة الماضية كثافة في انتشار قوات الشرطة الموريتانية، وبشكل لم يسبق له مثيل منذ المحاولة الانقلابية الفاشلة العام الماضي.

وعلمت الجزيرة نت من مصادر مطلعة أن اعتقالات تمت في صفوف العسكريين وخاصة ضباط الجيش، وأوضحت هذه المصادر أنه من بين المعتقلين المقدم الشيخ ولد أجدي والمقدم مصطفى ولد الشيباني والمقدم أعمر ولد الطالب والمقدم دحان ولد سيدي محمد وضابطا من الحرس الرئاسي.

وتأتي حالة التأهب الأمني بعد اعتقال النقيب ولد ميني أحد أبرز قادة المحاولة الانقلابية العام الماضي.

وكان وزير الاتصال حمود ولد عبدي قد أعلن في مؤتمر صحفي عقده السبت الماضي أن الحكومة اعتقلت مجموعة من الانقلابيين الذين تسللوا إلى داخل موريتانيا لتخطيط وتنفيذ أعمال وصفها بالتخريبية والإرهابية، مشيرا إلى أنه جرى تدريب وتنظيم هؤلاء من قبل حكومة بوركينا فاسو.

يذكر أن السلطات الموريتانية تعتقل أكثر من مائة عسكري على خلفية المشاركة في المحاولة الانقلابية العام الماضي، ولم يقدم أي من هؤلاء لغاية الآن إلى المحاكمة، ومعظمهم ينتمون إلى الشرق الموريتاني.
__________________
مراسل الجزيرة نت


المصدر: الجزيرة

هذا البلد العربي الافريقي يشبه سوداننا في اكثر من صعيد

فبجانب الطقس السياسي

هناك تشابه في الموقع الجغرافي

و تشابه شديد جدا في المأكل والمشرب والملبس

والاحتفال بالاعراس وإيقاع الموسيقى وألياتها

مرحبا بالشناقيط وكل ابناء الشنقيطي


فرانكلي

Country profile: Mauritania


A largely desert country, Mauritania forms a link between Arab Maghreb and western sub-Saharan Africa.
As such it also covers a cultural transition area with the population divided between Arab-Berbers to the north and black Africans to the south. Many of its people are nomads.




OVERVIEW >


OVERVIEW | FACTS | LEADERS | MEDIA


In the Middle Ages Mauritania was the cradle of the Almoravid movement, which spread Islam throughout the region and for a while controlled the Islamic part of Spain. European traders began to show interest in Mauritania in the 15th century and in 1814 it came under direct French rule.

Morocco opposed the country's independence in 1960 and for a time tried to absorb it. But King Hassan II later improved ties as part of his plan to divide Western Sahara. The eventual deal in 1976 brought more problems, though, with Mauritania under attack by Polisario Front guerrillas and the subsequent downfall of the leader since independence - Moktar Ould Daddar - in a military coup.

Peace was agreed with the Polisario in 1979, but this in turn worsened relations with Morocco, until a detente in 1985. More recently, ties with Senegal have been strained over the use of the Senegal River, which forms the border between the two countries.

Mauritania officially banned slavery in 1981. The government has denied accusations that it is still being practised.

One of the world's poorest countries, Mauritania is poised to benefit from the exploitation of its offshore oil reserves. The Chinguetti field is expected to yield some 120 million barrels of oil.


FACTS



OVERVIEW | FACTS | LEADERS | MEDIA


Population: 2.9 million (UN, 2003)
Capital: Nouakchott
Area: 1.04m sq km (398,000 sq miles)
Major languages: Arabic (official), French, others
Major religion: Islam
Life expectancy: 51 years (men), 54 years (women) (UN)
Monetary unit: 1 ouguiya = 5 khoums
Main exports: Fish and fish products, iron ore, gold
GNI per capita: US $280 (World Bank, 2002)
Internet domain: .mr
International dialling code: +222

LEADERS



OVERVIEW | FACTS | LEADERS | MEDIA


President: Maaouiya Ould Sid Ahmed Taya


President Taya, in power since 1984
President Taya was re-elected in November 2003, winning 67% of the first-round vote. Opposition groups said polling had been marred by fraud and intimidation.

Mr Taya has governed since 1984, first as head of a military junta, and since the 1992 multiparty election as head of a civilian government.

In 1997 he was re-elected with more than 90% of the vote. The election was contested by four opposition candidates but boycotted by the five-party Opposition Front coalition.

Mauritania is a highly centralised Islamic republic dominated by a strong presidency. The 1991 constitution provides for a civilian government composed of a dominant executive branch, a senate and a national assembly.
The president faced a serious challenge to his rule in June 2003 when an attempted coup was put down after heavy fighting between loyal troops and rebel soldiers.


Prime minister: Sghair Ould M'bareck
Foreign minister: Mohamed Ould Tolba

MEDIA



OVERVIEW | FACTS | LEADERS | MEDIA

Mauritania's TV and radio stations are state-owned. Their coverage strongly favours the government and opposition access to radio is limited.

An FM relay of Radio France Internationale in the capital was shut down in 2000 after the authorities accused the station of only broadcasting negative news about the country.

Under Mauritania's press law, newspapers may be banned for publishing material that "undermines" Islam or is perceived to threaten national security.

The press:

Al-Sha'b
Horizon
Journal Officiel
Le Calame
L'Eveil-Hebdo
Rajoul Echaree
Nouakchott Info - private daily
Television:

Mauritanian TV - state-run, programmes in Arabic, French and other local languages
Radio:

Radio Mauritania - state-run
News agency:

Mauritanian News Agency (AMI) - state-run

A chronology of key events:


3rd-7th centuries AD - Berber and Arab migrants displace the original inhabitants of present-day Mauritania.
9-10th centuries - Empire of Ghana has its capital in present-day south-west Mauritania.
1076 - Berber Almoravid warriors defeat the Empire of Ghana.
1500s - European mariners and traders establish settlements.

Much of Mauritania is dominated by the desert

1644-74 - Mauritanian Thirty-Year War: Berbers unsuccessful in repelling Arab warriors.
1850s-60s - French forces gain control of southern Mauritania. In 1898 France wins the allegiance of Moors in the region.
1904 - France establishes Mauritania as a colonial territory.
1920 - Mauritania becomes part of French West Africa, and is administered from Senegal.
1946 - Becomes a French overseas territory.
1957 - Nouakchott established as the capital.
Independence
1958 - Mauritania becomes self-governing.
1960 28 November - Mauritania becomes independent.
1960 - Mauritania makes territorial claims to neighbouring Spanish Sahara.



 

Supporters of President Taya celebrate his re-election in 2003

1973 - Mauritania joins the Arab League.
1976 - Mauritania and Morocco divide up Spanish Sahara, now known as Western Sahara, after Spain pulls out. Guerrillas of the Polisario front, aiming to establish an independent state in the territory, fight the forces of both countries.
Military coup
1978 - First post-independence president, Moktar Daddah, is deposed in a military coup. The coup is prompted partly by the struggle against Polisario guerrillas and resulting financial strains.
1979 - Mauritania signs a peace agreement with the Polisario front and renounces its claim to Western Sahara. Morocco annexes Mauritania's former share of the territory.
1981 - Attempted coup; Moroccan involvement is alleged and Mauritania breaks ties with the country.
1984 - Coup brings Colonel Maaouiya Ould Sid Ahmed Taya to power.


 

In 2003, for the first time, women voters have the chance to cast their ballot for a female candidate

1989 - Race riots erupt in Mauritania and Senegal after a border dispute. Tens of thousands of black Mauritanians are driven out of the country into Senegal. Others become the targets of attacks and land seizures. Hundreds of people are killed.
1992 - Taya elected president.
1993 - US ends development aid over Mauritania's treatment of its black population and its support for Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War.
1997 - President Taya re-elected in a poll boycotted by the main opposition parties.
2001 September - Morocco's King Mohammed vists - a turning point in the often-strained relations between the two countries.




 

MOHAMED HAIDALLAH Former president, given suspended sentence for plotting to overthrow government 2003: Mauritanian ex-president sentenced 2003: Election tension in Mauritania

2002 January - Opposition party Action for Change, which campaigns for greater rights for blacks and descendants of slaves, is banned.
2002 June - Country granted $1.1bn (£740m) in debt relief.
2003 June - Attempted coup: Troops loyal to President Maaouiya Ould Taya regain control of the capital after heavy fighting with rebel soldiers.
2003 October - First post-independence president, Moktar Ould Daddah, dies in Paris.
2003 November - President Taya re-elected with 67% of vote in first round of elections. Opposition alleges fraud.
2003 December - Former president Haidallah is fined and given suspended prison sentence for plotting coup.
2004 August - Army officers arrested in wake of alleged coup plot. Police chief says plotters were backed by Burkina Faso.