The war for Energy in Sudan

Uranium reserves
Darfur has also other resources that the great powers covet for the region is on the third place in the world for its uranium reserves. Uranium is vital to nuclear industry (be it military or/and civilian). Darfur- and the entire Sudan – has the best gum Arabic, which is essential for the production of coca-cola or Pepsi-cola, candies, sweet as well as in the pharmaceutical industry.80% from the world gum Arabic come from Sudan. Here also there are huge reserves of diamonds and gold; it is also the third world tank of copper, timber and others.
At surface, Darfur and Sudan are known as the largest markets of arm and drug smuggling in Africa. While the energetic resources of Saudi Arabia and Gulf courtiers are, according to all prognoses, coming to an end (2011-2015), Darfur and Sudan play today in Africa the role that Casein Sea is playing in Central Asia.

Given the decrease of the resources of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf countries, the USA have taken some energetic measures since 1990 by penetrating the Central Asia (Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil ieline) and the middle East (Afghanistan, Iraq and soon Iran). The USA understood quickly that the immense resources-especially the energetic cones fro the African space would become Vital to the American economic development in the 21st century.
In this respect, the pentagon created an independent staff – AFRICOM (African Command whish, in the coming future, will conduct the military operation, first of all those in West and central Africa. In this context it is explained the great interest of the USA and the UE for the small desert region of Darfur. Significant to say that, thought AFRICOM, the United States laces its strategic plans in Africa at the highest military interest.
The level of the war
The conflict in Darfur is at the incidence of some internal and external causes, as wells of an inadequate international response. Internal is the ethnical, tribal and religious conflict in the province of Darfur, which opposes Baggara Arab tribes of camel breeders in the North area of the province (Rizeigat)- tribes whose religion is the Islam –to the tribes of African black people , non-Islamist and non Arab , Fur, Zagawa and Massaleit. The Islamist tribes of baggara Bedouins formed the Janjaweed paramilitary group, who has the support of the Islamist Sudanese Government in Khartoum, led by omer albashir, on whose name the ICC in The Hague issued recently an arrest warrant. The non -Islamist and non –Arab tribes of African black people formed in their turn, “Sudan liberation Movement” (SLM) and “Justice and Equality Movement” (JIM) as paramilitary groups. These would be, in brief, the internal forces. But on site, things are even more complicated: there are not less than 27 paramilitary armed groups (militias) confronting in Darfur. The recent conflict dates since February 2003.
From geo-political point of view, the ethical (tribal) and religious war in Darfur is related to the conflicts among the states : Sudan , Chad, Uganda, Ethiopia, Congo, Libya, Eritrea and Central Africa Republic (the ex empire of jean Bedel Bokassa).Gerard punier writes in “Darfur; The Ambiguous Genocide” (Cornell University Press, 2005) that the incident among the states in the area started the moment Libya’s President, Muammar Gaddafi, tried to establish an “Arab belt” in Shale and promulgated the supremacy of the Arab ideology. In the 70’s-80’s Darfur became a real turn-table between Sudan, Libya and Chad. Here, the “Islamic Legion” support by Gaddafi was created; here, Hissene Habre – who tried to overthrow the pro-French government in Chad-settled his headquarters.
In 1983 and 1984, the complete absence of rainfalls has thrown the province of Darfur into a server drought (runnier, Id, page 47-52). Drought has killed then about 95,000 people from the total population of only 3, 1 million inhabitants.

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