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Celebration of World Disabled Day – December 3rd
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Celebration of World Disabled Day – December 3rd
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In order to create awareness among the member of the Public about problems of Disabled Persons every year the 3rd day of December is observed as ‘World Disabled Day’.
The rights of people with a disability have been recognised at a global level by the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons (1975). It states that people with a disability have a right to:
• respect and dignity
• assistance to become as self-reliant as possible
• education, training and work
• family and social life
• protection from discriminatory treatment.
Definition of Disability
Disability can be defined as:
• Total or partial loss of the person’s bodily or mental functions; or
• Total or partial loss of a part of the body; or
• The presence in the body of organisms causing disease or illness; or
• The malfunction, malformation or disfigurement of a part of a person’s body; or
• A disorder or malfunction that results in the person learning differently from a person without the disorder or malfunction; or
• A disorder, illness or disease that affects a person’s thought processes, perception of reality, emotions or judgement or that results in disturbed behaviour.
It includes a disability that:
• Presently exists; or
• Previously existed but no longer exists; or
• May exist in the future; or
• Is imputed to a person.
A disability may be permanent, short-term or episodic in nature.
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Re: Celebration of World Disabled Day – December 3rd (Re: Dr. Faisal Mohamed)
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*** 2 ***
Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons
Proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 3447 (XXX) of 9 December 1975
The General Assembly,
Mindful of the pledge made by Member States, under the Charter of the United Nations to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the Organization to promote higher standards of living, full employment and conditions of economic and social progress and development,
Reaffirming its faith in human rights and fundamental freedoms and in the principles of peace, of the dignity and worth of the human person and of social justice proclaimed in the Charter,
Recalling the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants on Human Rights, the Declaration of the Rights of the Child and the Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, as well as the standards already set for social progress in the constitutions, conventions, recommendations and resolutions of the International Labour Organisation, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund and other organizations concerned,
Recalling also Economic and Social Council resolution 1921 (LVIII) of 6 May 1975 on the prevention of disability and the rehabilitation of disabled persons,
Emphasizing that the Declaration on Social Progress and Development has proclaimed the necessity of protecting the rights and assuring the welfare and rehabilitation of the physically and mentally disadvantaged,
Bearing in mind the necessity of preventing physical and mental disabilities and of assisting disabled persons to develop their abilities in the most varied fields of activities and of promoting their integration as far as possible in normal life,
Aware that certain countries, at their present stage of development, can devote only limited efforts to this end,
Proclaims this Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons and calls for national and international action to ensure that it will be used as a common basis and frame of reference for the protection of these rights:
1. The term "disabled person" means any person unable to ensure by himself or herself, wholly or partly, the necessities of a normal individual and/or social life, as a result of deficiency, either congenital or not, in his or her physical or mental capabilities.
2. Disabled persons shall enjoy all the rights set forth in this Declaration. These rights shall be granted to all disabled persons without any exception whatsoever and without distinction or discrimination on the basis of race, colour, , language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, state of wealth, birth or any other situation applying either to the disabled person himself or herself or to his or her family.
3. Disabled persons have the inherent right to respect for their human dignity. Disabled persons, whatever the origin, nature and seriousness of their handicaps and disabilities, have the same fundamental rights as their fellow-citizens of the same age, which implies first and foremost the right to enjoy a decent life, as normal and full as possible.
4. Disabled persons have the same civil and political rights as other human beings; paragraph 7 of the Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons applies to any possible limitation or suppression of those rights for mentally disabled persons.
5. Disabled persons are entitled to the measures designed to enable them to become as self-reliant as possible.
6. Disabled persons have the right to medical, psychological and functional treatment, including prosthetic and orthetic appliances, to medical and social rehabilitation, education, vocational training and rehabilitation, aid, counselling, placement services and other services which will enable them to develop their capabilities and skills to the maximum and will hasten the processes of their social integration or reintegration.
7. Disabled persons have the right to economic and social security and to a decent level of living. They have the right, according to their capabilities, to secure and retain employment or to engage in a useful, productive and remunerative occupation and to join trade unions.
8. Disabled persons are entitled to have their special needs taken into consideration at all stages of economic and social planning.
9. Disabled persons have the right to live with their families or with foster parents and to participate in all social, creative or recreational activities. No disabled person shall be subjected, as far as his or her residence is concerned, to differential treatment other than that required by his or her condition or by the improvement which he or she may derive therefrom. If the stay of a disabled person in a specialized establishment is indispensable, the environment and living conditions therein shall be as close as possible to those of the normal life of a person of his or her age.
10. Disabled persons shall be protected against all exploitation, all regulations and all treatment of a discriminatory, abusive or degrading nature.
11. Disabled persons shall be able to avail themselves of qualified legal aid when such aid proves indispensable for the protection of their persons and property. If judicial proceedings are instituted against them, the legal procedure applied shall take their physical and mental condition fully into account.
12. Organizations of disabled persons may be usefully consulted in all matters regarding the rights of disabled persons.
13. Disabled persons, their families and communities shall be fully informed, by all appropriate means, of the rights contained in this Declaration.
http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/72.htm
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Re: Celebration of World Disabled Day – December 3rd (Re: Dr. Faisal Mohamed)
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*** 3 ***
Dispelling Disabling Myths and Assumptions
People with disabilities, like other minority groups, are subject to prejudices and stereotyping. Everyone is prone to being influenced by common stories or myths that they have learnt about disability.
Some common myths about students with disabilities include:
• Equal opportunity means that everyone is treated the same- so students with disabilities should not get any ‘special treatment’.
Equal opportunity exists to provide all people with access to achieving their potential.
The application of reasonable adjustments addresses barriers to access. It minimises disadvantage’ it does not provide an advantage.
• Students with disabilities are more likely to drop out of courses than other students.
Students with disabilities are no more likely to withdraw from study than other students and, if they do withdraw, they are likely to do so for the same range of reasons.
• Students with disabilities are too time-consuming and their needs are too complex to be catered for at university.
Students with disabilities, like other students, want an education with its ensuing benefits. They are usually well organised and, while a problem may seem daunting to staff, it is quite likely that the student has faced something similar before and can readily identify a solution or an alternative.
• Science, medical, technological, business, and applied science courses are not suitable for students with disabilities.
This myth originates from preconceived notions about employment options. Students with a disability can and do aim for careers that are consistent with their goals and interests. It is important to note that many students without disabilities go on to work in peripheral or non-related degree areas.
• Students with disabilities create substantial costs through the need to provide extra equipment and additional staff time.
Some students with disabilities require special equipment or additional support staff, others require none. Adaptations are frequently low-cost and one-off.
• People with disabilities will be less attractive to employers because they will be less efficient, less reliable or unsafe employees.
A number of research studies have shown this notion to be false. In fact, not only do people with disabilities value their work role; they have fewer injuries, are more efficient and have fewer days off work than employees without a disability.
• Students with disabilities would be better off studying externally.
All students can find external study isolating with restricted opportunities for interaction in a stimulating social and intellectual environment. Qualifying students, with or without a disability, should have a choice of studying on or off campus.
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Re: Celebration of World Disabled Day – December 3rd (Re: Dr. Faisal Mohamed)
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*** 4 ***
Social barriers
Stigma takes many forms and occurs at many levels, emerging when people feel uneasy or embarrassed about perceived ‘difference’. It begins with the application of a label that marks a person or their behaviour as shameful, ‘abnormal’ or flawed. Stigma, through rejection and disapproval, denies a person full and equal social standing creating a significant barrier to service access.
An example of some common stereotypes that have emerged from a history of devaluing people with a disability include:
• disability is a monumental tragedy
• people with disabilities are objects of pity and charity
• people with disabilities who do ‘normal’ things (like holding an interesting job or getting married) are exceptional
• people with disabilities lead boring and uneventful lives
• people with disabilities are brave and saintly
• people with disabilities are asexual, eternal children
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