Revamping A.T.C in Sudan case study

The Geographical Sectors Vs Upper & Lower Sectors
From the point of view of Air Traffic Control the airspace of a country or region are divided into sectors. Each sector is served by a team of controllers. Depending on traffic characteristics (volume, scenario, aircraft types, etc.) several sectors can be merged into one sector or work independently. When the traffic characteristics are known in advance (planned or forecasted) the problem that arises is to determine the number of open sectors during a given time period (day, week, etc.) so that the traffic requesting service can be served with an acceptable work load for the controllers. In this paper, a decision support tool based the FIR volume of traffic , traffic density, economical and optimized level flown and the numbers of air routes whether it is an RNAV or B-RNAV .
In the case of Khartoum FIR the ATC sectors are planned and implemented geographically as a North & South sectors following the flight progress.
It is widely recognized that one of the most fundamental characteristics of a problem is its computational complexity, and that understanding this complexity is an important step in the quest for devising efficient and effective algorithmic solutions for the problem .
In a recent technical report issued by the school of airspace design in Emery Riddle University and authored by a group of researchers specializing in aviation and computational geometry, stated that the 2 dimensional sectorization is proved to be efficient showed that under certain workload model, the two-dimensional (x-t) version of the airspace sectorization problem can be solved optimally in polynomial time specially after the implementation of the RVSM and that a restricted version of the problem (in which each sector is required to be an axis-aligned rectangle) is NP-hard in three or more dimensions. In this paper, we present a generic formulation for the airspace sectorization problem and give the first rigorous proof, showing that under several simple workload models (including some that are studied in so the problem in three or more dimensions is NP-hard, in general, even for several simple classes of the problem .
Therefore reconstructing Khartoum FIR based on vertical dimensions seems to be more sensible and practicable and an step for the preparation for any upcoming regionalization without affecting the entire Sudan airspace.

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